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Carbon emissions and their drivers for a typical urban economy from multiple perspectives: A case analysis for Beijing city

机译：碳排放及其对典型城市经济的驱动力的多角度分析：以北京市为例

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摘要

Understanding carbon emission profile of cities from multiple perspectives is a prerequisite to design just and effective carbon reduction policies. Previous studies on CO2emissions by cities are usually confined to production or consumption-based perspective, while income-based perspective has been neglected. To fill the gap, direct emissions (a.k.a. production-based emissions), upstream emissions driven by final demand (a.k.a. consumption-based emissions) and downstream emissions enabled by primary input (a.k.a. income-based emissions) in an urban economy are comprehensively explored and compared for the first time, taking Beijing as a case. In the period of 2005–2012,Manufacture of Nonmetallic Mineral Products/Construction/Processing of Petroleum, Coking, Processing of Nuclear Fuelis identified as the key contributor to carbon emission by Beijing from the production/consumption/income-based perspective, respectively, indicating each perspective can unveil important information which the other methods fail to discover. Moreover, driving forces of CO2emissions change in Beijing are uncovered using the structural decomposition analysis (SDA) from both the demand and supply sides. Emission intensity, production input and output structure change contribute to CO2emission decrease in Beijing, which are largely offset by population, final demand/primary input level and final demand/primary input structure change, resulting in a net 3.9 Mt reduction during 2005–2012. While current policies continue to highlight end-of-pipe measures in cities, more attention should be paid to demand (e.g., encouraging low-carbon consumption) and supply side (e.g., controlling capital investment in enterprises with large income-based CO2emissions).
机译：从多种角度了解城市的碳排放状况是设计公正有效的减碳政策的前提。以前关于城市二氧化碳排放的研究通常仅限于以生产或消费为基础的观点，而基于收入的观点却被忽略了。为了弥补这一差距，对城市经济中的直接排放（又称生产性排放），由最终需求驱动的上游排放（又称基于消费的排放）和主要投入带来的下游排放（又称基于收入的排放）进行了全面探讨，第一次比较，以北京为例。从生产/消费/收入角度看，2005-2012年间，北京分别将非金属矿产品制造/石油加工/炼焦，核燃料加工确定为碳排放的主要贡献者，表明每个观点都可以揭示其他方法无法发现的重要信息。此外，使用需求和供应方的结构分解分析（SDA）揭示了北京市二氧化碳排放量变化的驱动力。排放强度，生产投入和产出结构的变化导致北京的CO2排放下降，这在很大程度上被人口，最终需求/主要投入水平和最终需求/主要投入结构的变化所抵消，从而导致2005-2012年净减少3.9Mt。尽管当前的政策继续强调城市中的尾气处理措施，但应更多地注意需求（例如，鼓励低碳消费）和供应方面（例如，控制以收入为基础的大量CO2排放的企业的资本投资）。

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  • 来源
    《Applied Energy》 |2018年第15期|1076-1086|共11页
  • 作者

    Jia Shuo Li; H.W. Zhou; Jing Meng; Q. Yang; B. Chen; Y.Y. Zhang;

  • 作者单位

    State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology;

    Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University;

    Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Cambridge;

    State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology;

    Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Sustainability Science, College of Engineering, Peking University;

    Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Urban CO2emissions; Multiple accounting principles; Structural decomposition analysis; Beijing;

    机译：城市二氧化碳排放;多种核算原则;结构分解分析;北京;

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