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Causation: A functional perspective

机译：因果关系：功能视角

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摘要

Causation is shrouded in mystery. Notwithstanding much work on causation in a number of different domains, it remains a challenge to build an adequate theory of causation for applied ontology. This paper offers a functional perspective on causation, thereby enabling domain experts to have a fairly expressive representation of various causal phenomena. As for its theoretical basis, causation is modeled upon the device ontology view of reality, assuming an intimate connection between causation and context; and a conceptual affinity between causation and function is discussed in detail, based on the recently developed theory of systemic function and the idea of 'causally efficacious occurrents', thereby introducing achieves and prevents as two basic causal relations. In addition, the idea of a state-centered approach to causation results in the definition of allows and disallows causal relations, in order to accommodate a wide range of examples based on the state-mediated type of causation. All this leads to three kinds of causal relata (events, processes, and states) and a fourfold distinction of causal relations (achieves, prevents, allows, and disallows). This paper also provides a preliminary formalization of these four causal relations and takes the first step towards a full-fledged functional theory of causation.
机译：因果关系笼罩在神秘中。尽管有许多不同域的因果关系，但建立了适当的因果关系理论仍然是一个挑战。本文提供了一种有关因果关系的功能视角，从而使域专家能够具有相当表达的各种因果现象的表现形式。至于其理论基础，假设因果关系与上下文之间的密切联系，对现实的设备本体看法建模了因果关系;基于最近开发的系统函数理论和“因果性发生的事业”的最近的理论，详细讨论了因果关系和功能之间的概念亲和力，从而引入实现并防止了两个基本因果关系。此外，既定的造成态度的思想导致允许和不允许因果关系的定义，以适应基于状态介导的因果类型的广泛示例。所有这一切都导致了三种因果关系（事件，流程和状态）以及因果关系的四倍区分（实现，防止，允许和禁止）。本文还提供了这四个因果关系的初步形式化，并迈出了迈向全面的功能的因果关系。

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