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Influence of surface energy and relative humidity on AFM nanomechanical contact stiffness

机译：表面能和相对湿度对AFM纳米机械接触刚度的影响

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摘要

The effects of surface functionality and relative humidity (RH) on nanomechanical contact stiffness were investigated using atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM), a contact scanned-probe microscopy (SPM) technique. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with controlled surface energy were studied systematically in a controlled-humidity chamber. AFAM amplitude images of a micropatterned, graded-surface-energy SAM sample revealed that image contrast depended on both ambient humidity and surface energy. Quantitative AFAM point measurements indicated that the contact stiffness remained roughly constant for the hydrophobic SAM but increased monotonically for the hydrophilic SAM. To correct for this unphysical behavior, a viscoelastic damping term representing capillary forces between the tip and the SAM was added to the data analysis model. The contact stiffness calculated with this revised model remained constant with RH, while the damping term increased strongly with RH for the hydrophilic SAM. The observed behavior is consistent with previous studies of surface energy and RH behavior using AFM pull-off forces. Our results show that surface and environmental conditions can influence accurate measurements of nanomechanical properties with SPM methods such as AFAM. Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：使用原子力声学显微镜（AFAM），接触扫描探针显微镜（SPM）技术研究了表面功能和相对湿度（RH）对纳米机械接触刚度的影响。在受控湿度的室内系统地研究了具有受控表面能的自组装单分子膜（SAMs）。具有微图案的渐变表面能SAM样品的AFAM振幅图像显示，图像对比度取决于环境湿度和表面能。定量AFAM点测量表明，疏水性SAM的接触刚度大致保持恒定，而亲水性SAM的接触刚度单调增加。为了纠正这种非物理行为，将代表尖端和SAM之间毛细作用力的粘弹性阻尼项添加到了数据分析模型中。用该修正模型计算的接触刚度对于RH保持恒定，而对于亲水性SAM而言，阻尼项随RH强烈增加。观察到的行为与先前使用AFM剥离力进行的表面能和RH行为的研究一致。我们的结果表明，表面和环境条件可能会影响使用SPM方法（例如AFAM）对纳米机械性能的准确测量。由Elsevier B.V.发布

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