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首页> 外文期刊>Aquatic Sciences >Human impact on the transport of terrigenous and anthropogenic elements to peri-alpine lakes (Switzerland) over the last decades
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Human impact on the transport of terrigenous and anthropogenic elements to peri-alpine lakes (Switzerland) over the last decades

机译：在过去几十年中，人类对陆源和人为元素向高山湖泊（瑞士）的运输的影响

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摘要

Terrigenous (Sc, Fe, K, Mg, Al, Ti) and anthropogenic (Pb and Cu) element fluxes were measured in a new sediment core from Lake Biel (Switzerland) and in previously well-documented cores from two upstream lakes (Lake Brienz and Lake Thun). These three large peri-alpine lakes are connected by the Aare River, which is the main tributary to the High Rhine River. Major and trace element analysis of the sediment cores by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) shows that the site of Lake Brienz receives three times more terrigenous elements than the two other studied sites, given by the role of Lake Brienz as the first major sediment sink located in the foothills of the Alps. Overall, the terrigenous fluxes reconstructed at the three studied sites suggest that the construction of sediment-trapping reservoirs during the twentieth century noticeably decreased the riverine suspended sediment load at a regional scale. In fact, the extensive river damming that occurred in the upstream watershed catchment (between ca. 1930 and 1950 and up to 2,300 m a.s.l.) and that significantly modified seasonal suspended sediment loads and riverine water discharge patterns to downstream lakes noticeably diminished the long-range transport of (fine) terrigenous particles by the Aare River. Concerning the transport of anthropogenic pollutants, the lowest lead enrichment factors (EFs Pb) were measured in the upstream course of the Aare River at the site of Lake Brienz, whereas the metal pollution was highest in downstream Lake Biel, with the maximum values measured between 1940 and 1970 (EF Pb > 3). The following recorded regional reduction in aquatic Pb pollution started about 15 years before the actual introduction of unleaded gasoline in 1985. Furthermore, the radiometric dating of the sediment core from Lake Biel identifies three events of hydrological transport of artificial radionuclides released by the nuclear reactor of Muhleberg located at more than 15 km upstream of Lake Biel for the time period 1970-2000.
机译：在比尔湖（瑞士）的一个新沉积岩心和两个上游湖泊（布里恩茨湖）先前有据可查的岩心中测量了陆源（Sc，Fe，K，Mg，Al，Ti）和人为源（Pb和Cu）元素通量和图恩湖）。这三个大的高山湖泊通过阿勒河相连，阿勒河是高莱茵河的主要支流。电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对沉积物岩心的主要和微量元素分析表明，布里恩茨湖的陆源元素是其他两个研究站点的三倍，这是因为布里恩茨湖是第一个作用所在。位于阿尔卑斯山麓的主要沉积物汇。总体而言，在三个研究地点重建的陆源通量表明，在二十世纪期间，沉积物诱集水库的建设在区域范围内显着降低了河流悬垂的沉积物负荷。实际上，上游流域（大约在1930年至1950年之间，最高至2,300 m asl）发生了大面积的河流堰塞，并且显着改变了季节性悬浮泥沙负荷和下游湖泊的河水排放方式，从而大大减少了长程通过阿勒河运输（精细）陆源颗粒。关于人为污染物的运输，在布里恩茨湖阿雷河上游测得的铅富集系数最低（EFs Pb），而比尔湖下游的金属污染最高，在1940年和1970年（EF Pb> 3）。在1985年开始实际引入无铅汽油之前约15年，以下记录的水生铅污染的区域减少开始。此外，比尔湖沉积物核的放射性测年确定了核反应堆释放的人工放射性核素的水文输运的三个事件。 Muhleberg在1970-2000年期间位于比尔湖上游15公里以上。

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  • 来源
    《Aquatic Sciences》 |2013年第3期|413-424|共12页
  • 作者

    Florian Thevenon; Stefanie B. Wirth; Marian Fujak; John Pote; Stephanie Girardclos;

  • 作者单位

    Institute F.-A. Forel, University of Geneva, Versoix, Switzerland;

    Geological Institute, ETH Zuerich, Zuerich, Switzerland;

    Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland;

    Institute F.-A. Forel, University of Geneva, Versoix, Switzerland;

    Institut des Sciences de l'Environnement, University of Geneva,Carouge, Switzerland,Dept of Geology and Paleontology, University of Geneva,Geneva, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Lake sediment; Terrigenous flux; Trace metals; Radionuclides; Human impact;

    机译：湖泊沉积物;陆源通量;痕量金属;放射性核素;对人类的影响;

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