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首页> 外文期刊>Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine >Application of Immunohistochemistry to the Genitourinary System (Prostate, Urinary Bladder, Testis, and Kidney)
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Application of Immunohistochemistry to the Genitourinary System (Prostate, Urinary Bladder, Testis, and Kidney)

机译：免疫组织化学在泌尿生殖系统（前列腺，膀胱，睾丸和肾脏）中的应用

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CONTEXT: The variety of morphologic patterns of different entities of the genitourinary tract can present a diagnostic dilemma for the pathologist. This is especially true in cases of mimics of cancer, a cancer of unknown primary, or poorly differentiated tumors, in which it is hard to assign histogenesis needed to plan the correct therapy for the patient. Immunohistochemistry offers a better capacity than hematoxylin-eosin staining alone to differentiate human tissue types. Also, in the past decades, several techniques had been developed to differentiate between benign and malignant processes with morphologic overlap. By using immunohistochemistry in selected cases, the rate of false-negative and false-positive diagnoses can be reduced, and some patients are afforded the opportunity to get more specific or effective therapy as a result. OBJECTIVE: For each subgroup of genitourinary system tumors, common diagnostic problems are reviewed, and immunohistochemical markers useful in addressing these problems are discussed, along with expected patterns of immunoreactivity. DATA SOURCES: The pertinent literature, with focus on immunohistochemical staining of tumors of the genitourinary tract. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of immunohistochemistry to the diagnostic armamentarium for genitourinary pathologic diagnosis has increased the sensitivity and specificity of diagnoses and aided in the selection of optional therapeutic regimens in selected cases.
机译：背景：泌尿生殖道不同实体的多种形态学模式可能为病理学家带来诊断难题。在模拟癌症，未知的原发性或分化差的肿瘤的癌症中尤其如此，在这种情况下，很难分配为患者规划正确疗法所需的组织发生。免疫组织化学提供比单独的苏木精-伊红染色更好的区分人类组织类型的能力。另外，在过去的几十年中，已经开发出了几种技术来区分形态学重叠的良性和恶性过程。通过在某些情况下使用免疫组织化学，可以降低假阴性和假阳性诊断的比率，从而使一些患者有机会获得更具体或有效的治疗方法。目的：针对泌尿生殖系统肿瘤的每个亚组，回顾了常见的诊断问题，并讨论了可用于解决这些问题的免疫组化标记物，以及预期的免疫反应性模式。数据来源：相关文献，着重于泌尿生殖道肿瘤的免疫组织化学染色。结论：在生殖器泌尿系统病理诊断的诊断武器库中增加免疫组织化学可以提高诊断的敏感性和特异性，并有助于在某些情况下选择可选的治疗方案。

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    《Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine》 |2008年第3期|p.432-440|共9页
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    Kai Hans Hammerich Gustavo A Ayala Thomas M Wheeler;

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    Kai Hans Hammerich, MD, PhD, Gustavo A. Ayala, MD, Thomas M. Wheeler, MDAccepted for publication May 8, 2007.From the Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.The authors have no relevant financial interest in the products or companies described in this article.Reprints: Thomas M. Wheeler, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room T-203, Houston, TX 77030 (e-mail: twheeler@ bcm.edu).,;

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