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Getting the dose–response wrong: why hormesis became marginalized and the threshold model accepted

机译：弄错剂量反应：为什么毒副作用被边缘化并接受阈值模型

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摘要

The dose–response relationship is central to the biological and biomedical sciences. During the early decades of the twentieth century consensus emerged that the most fundamental dose–response relationship was the threshold model, upon which scientific, health and medical research/clinical practices have been based. This paper documents that the scientific community made a fundamental error on the nature of the dose response in accepting the threshold model and in rejecting the hormetic-biphasic model, principally due to conflicts with homeopathy. Not only does this paper detail the underlying factors leading to this dose response decision, but it reveals that the scientific community never validated the threshold model throughout the twentieth century. Recent findings indicate that the threshold model poorly predicts responses in the low dose zone whereas its dose response “rival”, the hormesis model, has performed very well. This analysis challenges a key foundation upon which biological, biomedical and clinical science rest.
机译：剂量反应关系对于生物和生物医学科学至关重要。在二十世纪初期，人们达成了共识，即最基本的剂量反应关系是阈值模型，科学，健康和医学研究/临床实践均以此为基础。本文证明，科学界在接受阈值模型和拒绝激素双相模型方面对剂量反应的性质犯了根本性错误，这主要是由于与顺势疗法的冲突。本文不仅详细介绍了导致剂量反应决定的潜在因素，而且还揭示了科学界从未在整个20世纪验证阈值模型。最近的发现表明，阈值模型无法很好地预测低剂量区域的反应，而其剂量反应“竞争”（兴奋剂模型）的表现非常出色。该分析挑战了生物学，生物医学和临床科学赖以生存的关键基础。

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