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Evaluation of Airflow Measurement Methods for Residential HVAC Returns

机译：住宅HVAC回风流量测量方法的评估

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摘要

This study was undertaken to address the concern that typical equipment used in the field by contractors for measuring total airflows at return grilles in residential forced-air systems may not be accurate enough for the purposes of measuring return flows for use in Title 24 applications. The measurement errors are a combination of errors in determining the airflow through the measurement device and the insertion loss effects of actually performing the measurement. The technical reasons for insertion loses are that most devices used for airflow measurement introduce additional airflow resistance, leading to reduced total system airflows or, more significantly for multiple-branch systems, reduced airflow only through the branch currently being measured. The experimental work comprised a series of tests where airflow was measured using a range of measurement techniques and devices. An experimental apparatus was built that could be configured as a one-, two-, or three-branch return system. The apparatus used a typical gas furnace with two different blower motors-one permanent split capacitor and one brushless permanent magnet. The measured airflows were compared to reference airflow measurements using inline airflow meters built into the test apparatus. The experimental results showed that some devices had reasonable results (typical errors of 5% or less) but others hadmuch larger errors (up to 25%). Because manufacturers' accuracy estimates for their equipment do not include many of the sources of error found in actual field measurements (replicated in the laboratory testing in this study) there is a need for a test method that could be used to determine the actual uncertainty in this specific application. To address this need, a draft test method has been prepared for determining the uncertainty of airflow measurements at resi- dential HVAC terminals. This test method, when finalized, can be used by entities to specify required accuracy of measurement devices used to show compliance with standards.
机译：进行这项研究是为了解决这样一个问题，即承包商在现场使用的用于测量住宅强制通风系统回风格栅总气流的典型设备可能不够准确，无法测量用于标题24的回风流量。测量误差是确定通过测量设备的气流时的误差与实际执行测量的插入损耗影响的组合。插入损耗的技术原因是，大多数用于气流测量的设备都会引入额外的气流阻力，从而导致系统总气流减少，或者，对于多分支系统，更重要的是，仅通过当前正在测量的分支的气流减少。实验工作包括一系列测试，其中使用多种测量技术和设备对气流进行了测量。建立了可以配置为一，二或三分支返回系统的实验装置。该设备使用的是典型的燃气炉，该燃气炉带有两个不同的鼓风机电机：一个永久性分裂电容器和一个无刷永磁体。使用内置在测试设备中的在线流量计将测得的气流与参考气流进行比较。实验结果表明，某些设备具有合理的结果（典型误差为5％或更小），而其他设备则具有更大的误差（高达25％）。由于制造商对其设备的准确度估算不包括实际现场测量中发现的许多误差源（在本研究的实验室测试中已重复出现），因此需要一种可用于确定实际不确定性的测试方法。这个特定的应用程序。为了满足这一需求，已经准备了一种测试方法草案，用于确定住宅HVAC终端处气流测量的不确定性。该测试方法最终确定后，可用于实体指定用于表明符合标准的测量设备的所需精度。

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  • 来源
    《ASHRAE Transactions》 |2015年第2期|271-280|共10页
  • 作者

    Iain Walker; J. Chris Stratton;

  • 作者单位

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA;

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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