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Biosignatures from Earth-Like Planets Around M Dwarfs

机译：M小矮星周围类似地球的行星的生物特征

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Coupled one-dimensional photochemical-climate calculations have been performed for hypothetical Earth-like planets around M dwarfs. Visibleear-infrared and thermal-infrared synthetic spectra of these planets were generated to determine which biosignature gases might be observed by a future, space-based telescope. Our star sample included two observed active M dwarfs—AD Leo and GJ 643—and three quiescent model stars. The spectral distribution of these stars in the ultraviolet generates a different photochemistry on these planets. As a result, the biogenic gases CH_4, N_2O, and CH_3Cl have substantially longer lifetimes and higher mixing ratios than on Earth, making them potentially observable by space-based telescopes. On the active M-star planets, an ozone layer similar to Earth's was developed that resulted in a spectroscopic signature comparable to the terrestrial one. The simultaneous detection of O_2 (or O_3) and a reduced gas in a planet's atmosphere has been suggested as strong evidence for life. Planets circling M stars may be good locations to search for such evidence.
机译：已经对M个矮星周围的假想地球状行星进行了耦合的一维光化学-气候计算。产生了这些行星的可见/近红外和热红外合成光谱，以确定未来的天基望远镜可能会观察到哪些生物特征气体。我们的恒星样本包括两个观测到的活动M矮星-AD Leo和GJ 643-和三个静态模型恒星。这些恒星在紫外线中的光谱分布在这些行星上产生不同的光化学。结果，与地球相比，生物气CH_4，N_2O和CH_3Cl具有更长的寿命和更高的混合比，这使其有可能被天基望远镜观测到。在活跃的M-star行星上，形成了一个类似于地球的臭氧层，从而产生了与地球类似的光谱特征。有人建议同时检测O_2（或O_3）和行星大气中的还原气体是生命的有力证据。环绕M星的行星可能是寻找此类证据的好位置。

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