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首页> 外文期刊>Astrobiology >Radiolytic H_2 Production in Martian Environments
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Radiolytic H_2 Production in Martian Environments

机译：火星环境中的辐射分解H_2产生

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摘要

Hydrogen, produced by water radiolysis, has been suggested to support microbial communities on Mars. We quantitatively assess the potential magnitude of radiolytic H-2 production in wet martian environments (the ancient surface and the present subsurface) based on the radionuclide compositions of (1) eight proposed Mars 2020 landing sites, and (2) three sites that individually yield the highest or lowest calculated radiolytic H-2 production rates on Mars. For the proposed landing sites, calculated H-2 production rates vary by a factor of similar to 1.6, while the three comparison sites differ by a factor of similar to 6. Rates in wet martian sediment and microfractured rock are comparable with rates in terrestrial environments that harbor low concentrations of microbial life (e.g., subseafloor basalt). Calculated H-2 production rates for low-porosity (35%), fine-grained martian sediment (0.12-1.2 nM/year) are mostly higher than rates for South Pacific subseafloor basalt (similar to 0.02-0.6 nM/year). Production rates in martian high-porosity sediment (35%) and microfractured (1 mu m) hard rock (0.03 to 0.71 nM/year) are generally similar to rates in South Pacific basalt, while yields for larger martian fractures (1 and 10 cm) are one to two orders of magnitude lower (0.01nM/year). If minerals or brine that amplify radiolytic H-2 production rates are present, H-2 yields exceed the calculated rates.
机译：已经提出了通过水分解产生的氢气来支持火星上的微生物群落。我们基于（1）拟议的8个2020年火星着陆点和（2）三个单独产生的地点的放射性核素成分，定量评估潮湿火星环境（古代地表和目前的地下）中放射性H-2产生的潜在量火星上计算得出的最高的或最低的辐射分解H-2生产率。对于拟议的着陆点，计算出的H-2产油率相差1.6倍，而三个比较产地相差6倍。湿火星沉积物和微裂隙岩石中的产水率与陆地环境中的产水率相当具有低浓度的微生物生命（例如，海底玄武岩）。低孔隙度（<35％），细粒火星沉积物（0.12-1.2 nM /年）的H-2生产率计算值大多数高于南太平洋海底玄武岩的生产率（约0.02-0.6 nM /年）。火星高孔隙度沉积物（> 35％）和微裂缝（1微米）硬岩（0.03至<0.71 nM /年）的生产率通常与南太平洋玄武岩的生产率相似，而较大火星裂缝的产量（1和10厘米）要低一到两个数量级（<0.01nM /年）。如果存在能增加放射性H-2产生速率的矿物质或盐水，则H-2产量将超过计算得出的速率。

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  • 来源
    《Astrobiology》 |2018年第9期|1137-1146|共10页
  • 作者

    Dzaugis Mary; Spivack Arthur J.; DHondt Steven;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett Bay Campus,215 South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA;

    Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett Bay Campus,215 South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA;

    Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett Bay Campus,215 South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Mars; Water radiolysis; Habitability; Hydrogen; Geochemistry; Mars 2020;

    机译：火星;水分解;可居住性;氢;地球化学;火星2020;

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