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Stepping stones toward global space exploration

机译：迈向全球太空探索的垫脚石

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摘要

Several nations are currently engaging in or planning for robotic and human space exploration programs that target the Moon, Mars and near-Earth asteroids. These ambitious plans to build new space infrastructures, transport systems and space probes will require international cooperation if they are to be sustainable and affordable. Partnerships must involve not only established space powers, but also emerging space nations and developing countries; the participation of these new space actors will provide a bottom-up support structure that will aid program continuity, generate more active members in the space community, and increase public awareness of space activities in both developed and developing countries. The integration of many stakeholders into a global space exploration program represents a crucial element securing political and programmatic stability. How can the evolving space community learn to cooperate on a truly international level while engaging emerging space nations and developing countries in a meaningful way? We propose a stepping stone approach toward a global space exploration program, featuring three major elements: (1) an international Earth-based field research program preparing for planetary exploration, (2) enhanced exploitation of the International Space Station (ISS) enabling exploration and (3) a worldwide CubeSat program supporting exploration. An international Earth-based field research program can serve as a truly global exploration testbed that allows both established and new space actors to gain valuable experience by working together to prepare for future planetary exploration missions. Securing greater exploitation of the ISS is a logical step during its prolonged lifetime; ISS experiments, partnerships and legal frameworks are valuable foundations for exploration beyond low Earth orbit. Cooperation involving small, low-cost missions could be a major stride toward exciting and meaningful participation from emerging space nations and developing countries. For each of these three proposed stepping stones, recommendations for coordination mechanisms are presented.
机译：目前有几个国家正在参与或计划针对月球，火星和近地小行星的机器人和人类太空探索计划。这些雄心勃勃的建设新的太空基础设施，运输系统和太空探测器的计划，要使其可持续和负担得起，就需要国际合作。伙伴关系不仅必须涉及已建立的太空大国，而且还必须涉及新兴的太空国家和发展中国家。这些新的太空参与者的参与将提供一个自下而上的支持结构，这将有助于计划的连续性，在太空界中产生更多活跃的成员，并提高公众对发达国家和发展中国家太空活动的认识。许多利益攸关方融入全球空间探索方案是确保政治和方案稳定的关键因素。不断发展的空间社区如何在真正意义上的国际水平上学习合作，同时以有意义的方式与新兴的太空国家和发展中国家互动？我们提出了迈向全球太空探索计划的踏脚石方法，该计划包括三个主要要素：（1）为行星探索做准备的国际基于地球的野外研究计划；（2）加强对国际空间站（ISS）的利用，从而进行探索和（3）支持勘探的全球CubeSat程序。一个国际性的基于地球的野外研究计划可以充当一个真正的全球探索试验台，通过合作为未来的行星探索任务做准备，既可以让已建立的太空参与者也可以让新的太空参与者获得宝贵的经验。确保国际空间站得到更大的利用是其延长使用寿命的必然步骤。国际空间站的实验，伙伴关系和法律框架是探索低地球轨道之外的宝贵基础。涉及小型低成本飞行任务的合作可能是朝着新兴航天国家和发展中国家令人兴奋和有意义的参与迈出的重要一步。对于这三个提议的垫脚石中的每一个，都提出了有关协调机制的建议。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Acta astronautica》 |2011年第12期|p.2098-2113|共16页
  • 作者

    M. Ansdell; P. Ehrenfreund; C. McKay;

  • 作者单位

    Space Policy Institute, Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University, 1957 E Street, Suite 403, Washington, DC, USA;

    Space Policy Institute, Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University, 1957 E Street, Suite 403, Washington, DC, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    space exploration; international cooperation; extreme environments; international space station; cubesats;

    机译：太空探索;国际合作;极端环境;国际空间站;立方体;

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