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Low cost small-satellite access to space using hybrid rocket propulsion

机译：混合动力火箭推进低成本小型卫星进入太空

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Increased demand for smallsat launch capabilities drives on the search for low-cost launch vehicles. Hybrid rocket technology has been pushed forward in the recent years and is now ready to meet the demand of this low-cost rocket development. With intrinsic safety and reliability the development and production cost of hybrid rocket engines can be a small fraction of bi-liquid propulsion systems. At the German Aerospace Center DLR a hybrid rocket engine is developed in cooperation with the German start-up company Hylmpulse Technologies GmbH in order to advance launcher technology in Germany. A concept for a mini-launcher has been designed by Hylmpulse and the development of a 75 kN (SL) hybrid rocket engine is on-going with a test campaign foreseen in 2019. This engine will be the largest hybrid rocket engine ever tested in Europe. It takes advantage of the long development and research history of paraffin-based hybrid rockets at the DLR Lampoldshausen. Since 2010 paraffin-based fuels have been analyzed and improved. Additives have been found to greatly improve the mechanical properties of the paraffin solid fuel. At the same time the regression rate has been modulated to adapt the fuel for use in launcher applications. The concept of the Hylmpulse mini-launcher includes eleven engines of this type, which will result in large scale serial production for the foreseen launch rate of twelve launches per year. This further reduces production costs of the hybrid rocket engine. The advantage of paraffin-based fuel lies in the simple geometry of the grain caused by the high regression rate. A cylindrical fuel grain will have a much lower manufacturing cost compared to classical wagon wheel fuel grains with HTPB. Hybrid launchers are often used within pressure fed propulsion systems, but in order to increase the payload of the launcher, this is replaced with a gas generator and turbo pump driven propulsion system for this launcher concept.
机译：人们对小型卫星发射功能的需求不断增长，这促使人们寻找低成本的运载工具。近年来，混合动力火箭技术得到了推动，现在已经准备好满足这种低成本火箭技术的需求。具有固有的安全性和可靠性，混合动力火箭发动机的开发和生产成本仅占双液推进系统的一小部分。在德国航空航天中心DLR，与德国初创公司Hylmpulse Technologies GmbH合作开发了一种混合火箭发动机，以推进德国的发射器技术。 Hylmpulse设计​​了一种迷你发射器的概念，目前正在开发75 kN（SL）混合动力火箭发动机，并计划在2019年进行测试。该发动机将是欧洲有史以来最大的混合动力火箭发动机。它利用了DLR Lampoldshausen的基于石蜡的混合火箭的悠久的开发和研究历史。自2010年以来，对石蜡基燃料进行了分析和改进。已经发现添加剂极大地改善了石蜡固体燃料的机械性能。同时，已经对回归速率进行了调整，以适应在发射器应用中使用的燃料。 Hylmpulse微型发射器的概念包括11种这种类型的发动机，这将实现大规模的批量生产，并预计每年发射12次。这进一步降低了混合火箭发动机的生产成本。基于石蜡的燃料的优点在于，由于高的回归率导致了谷物的简单几何形状。与带有HTPB的传统货车车轮燃料颗粒相比，圆柱形燃料颗粒的制造成本要低得多。混合式发射器通常在压力馈送推进系统中使用，但是为了增加发射器的有效载荷，为此发射器概念将其替换为气体发生器和涡轮泵驱动的推进系统。

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