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首页> 外文期刊>Acta astronautica >Artificial gravity-head movements during short-radius centrifugation: Influence of cognitive effects
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Artificial gravity-head movements during short-radius centrifugation: Influence of cognitive effects

机译：短半径离心过程中的人工重力头运动：认知效应的影响

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摘要

Short-radius centrifugation is a potential countermeasure against the effects of prolonged weightlessness. Head movements in a rotating environment, however, induce serious side effects: inappropriate vestibular ocular reflexes (VOR), body-tilt illusions and motion sickness induced by cross-coupled accelerations on a rotating platform. These are well predicted by a semicircular canal model. The present study investigates cognitive effects on the inappropriate VOR and the illusory sensations experienced by subjects rotating on a short-radius centrifuge (SRC). Subjects (N = 19) were placed supine on a rotating horizontal bed with their head at the center of rotation. To investigate the extent to which they could control their sensations voluntarily, subjects were asked alternatively to "fight" (i.e. to try to resist and suppress) those sensations, or to "go" with (i.e. try to enhance or, at least, acquiesce in) them. The only significant effect on the VOR of this cognitive intervention was to diminish the time constant characterizing the decay of the nystagmus in subjects who had performed the "go" (rather than the "fight") trials. However, illusory sensations, as measured by reported subjective intensities, were significantly less intense during the "fight" than during the "go" trials. These measurements also verified an asymmetry in illusory sensation known from earlier experiments: the illusory sensations are greater when the head is rotated from right ear down (RED) to nose up (NU) posture than from NU to RED. The subjects habituated, modestly, to the rotation between their first and second sequences of trials, but showed no better (or worse) suppression of illusory sensations thereafter. No significant difference in habituation was observed between the "fight" and "go" trials.
机译：短半径离心是防止长期失重的潜在对策。但是，旋转环境中的头部运动会引起严重的副作用：旋转平台上的交叉耦合加速度会导致前庭眼反射（VOR）不当，身体倾斜的幻觉和晕车。这些可以通过半圆管模型很好地预测。本研究调查了在短半径离心机（SRC）上旋转的受试者对不适当的VOR和幻觉产生的认知影响。将受试者（N = 19）仰卧在旋转的水平床上，其头部位于旋转中心。为了研究他们可以自动控制感觉的程度，要求受试者“对抗”（即试图抵抗和抑制）这些感觉，或者“跟随”（即尝试增强或至少默认）这些感觉。在他们中。这种认知干预对VOR的唯一显着影响是减少了进行“通过”（而非“搏斗”）试验的受试者眼震的衰减时间常数。但是，通过报告的主观强度来衡量的错觉感觉在“打架”期间的强度明显低于“进行”试验期间的强度。这些测量结果也证实了较早的实验中所知的错觉感不对称：当头部从右耳向下（RED）旋转到鼻子向上（NU）的姿势时，错觉比从NU到RED更大。受试者适度地习惯于其第一和第二试验序列之间的旋转，但是此后没有表现出更好（或更差）的对幻觉的抑制。在“打”和“走”试验之间没有观察到习惯习惯上的显着差异。

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