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The Impact of Legislative Tenure and Seniority on General Election Success Econometric Evidence from U.S. House Races

机译:立法任期和资历对美国众议院选举对大选成功的计量经济学影响

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摘要

The last four election-cycles in the U.S. House of Representatives (2004-2010) witnessed two shifts in political party control of that legislative body-from the Republicans to the Democrats in 2006 and then back to the Republicans in 2010. Nevertheless, U.S. House incumbents of both parties running for re-election tended to enjoy a sizeable advantage over their general-election challengers during the period. The advantage is even greater for incumbents who are members of the leadership, key committees, or have lengthy tenure. Our results show that, ceteris paribus, membership in the House leadership is worth on average 6.8 percentage points towards the incumbent's expected vote-share, and that membership in either of the two top committees is worth an additional 1.3 such percentage points. A ten-term incumbent can expect another 2.0 percentage points of vote share. Lastly, our results also indicate the existence of a wave effect favoring Democratic incumbents in 2006, and a slightly smaller wave effect favoring Republican incumbents in 2010.
机译:美国众议院最近四个选举周期(2004年至2010年)见证了政党对该立法机构的控制权发生了两次转变,即从2006年的共和党人转变为民主党人,然后在2010年回到共和党人。在此期间,参加竞选连任的双方往往比其大选挑战者享有可观的优势。对于担任领导层,主要委员会成员或任职期较长的在职者,优势甚至更大。我们的结果表明,在其他方面,众议院领导成员的席位价值平均比现任议员的预期投票份额高6.8个百分点,而在两个最高委员会中任一个的会员资格也值1.3个百分点。十届任期的现任议员可以预期获得另外2.0个百分点的投票份额。最后,我们的结果还表明,在2006年存在有利于民主党在位者的波动效应,在2010年存在有利于共和党现任者的波动效应较小。

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