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Meridional gradients in aerosol vertical distribution over Indian Mainland: Observations and model simulations

机译：印度大陆上气溶胶垂直分布中的子午线梯度：观测和模型模拟

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摘要

Multi-year observations from the network of ground-based observatories (ARFINET), established under the project 'Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India' (ARFI) of Indian Space Research Organization and space-borne lidar 'Cloud Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization' (CALIOP) along with simulations from the chemical transport model 'Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport' (GOCART), are used to characterize the vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosols over the Indian landmass and its spatial structure. While the vertical distribution of aerosol extinction showed higher values close to the surface followed by a gradual decrease at increasing altitudes, a strong meridional increase is observed in the vertical spread of aerosols across the Indian region in all seasons. It emerges that the strong thermal convections cause deepening of the atmospheric boundary layer, which although reduces the aerosol concentration at lower altitudes, enhances the concentration at higher elevations by pumping up more aerosols from below and also helping the lofted particles to reach higher levels in the atmosphere. Aerosol depolarization ratios derived from CALIPSO as well as the GOCART simulations indicate the dominance of mineral dust aerosols during spring and summer and anthropogenic aerosols in winter. During summer monsoon, though heavy rainfall associated with the Indian monsoon removes large amounts of aerosols, the prevailing southwesterly winds advect more marine aerosols over to landmass (from the adjoining oceans) leading to increase in aerosol loading at lower altitudes than in spring. During spring and summer months, aerosol loading is found to be significant, even at altitudes as high as 4 km, and this is proposed to have significant impacts on the regional climate systems such as Indian monsoon. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：来自地面观测站网络（ARFINET）的多年观测结果，该网络是在印度空间研究组织的“印度气溶胶辐射强迫”项目（ARFI）和星载激光雷达“正交偏振云气溶胶激光雷达”（CALIOP）下建立的）以及来自化学迁移模型“ Goddard化学气溶胶的辐射和迁移”（GOCART）的模拟，用于表征印度陆地上大气气溶胶的垂直分布及其空间结构。虽然气溶胶消亡的垂直分布显示出接近地表的较高值，然后随着海拔的升高而逐渐减小，但在所有季节中，整个印度地区的气溶胶的垂直传播都观察到了强烈的子午线升高。结果表明，强热对流会导致大气边界层的加深，尽管降低了低海拔地区的气溶胶浓度，但通过从下方泵入更多的气溶胶又提高了高海拔地区的气溶胶浓度，还帮助放样的颗粒达到了较高的水平。大气层。从CALIPSO得出的气溶胶去极化率以及GOCART模拟表明，春季和夏季矿物质粉尘气溶胶占主导地位，冬季是人为气溶胶。在夏季季风期间，尽管与印度季风有关的强降雨除去了大量的气溶胶，但盛行的西南风将更多的海洋气溶胶平移到陆地（从毗连的海洋）到陆地，导致海拔高度比春季低的气溶胶负荷增加。在春季和夏季，即使在高达4 km的海拔高度，也发现气溶胶负荷非常大，因此建议对诸如印度季风之类的区域气候系统产生重大影响。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Atmospheric environment》 |2016年第janaptab期|337-345|共9页
  • 作者

    Prijith S. S.; Babu S. Suresh; Lakshmi N. B.; Satheesh S. K.; Moorthy K. Krishna;

  • 作者单位

    Indian Space Res Org, Natl Remote Sensing Ctr, Hyderabad 500037, Andhra Pradesh, India;

    Vikram Sarabhai Space Ctr, Space Phys Lab, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, Kerala, India;

    Vikram Sarabhai Space Ctr, Space Phys Lab, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, Kerala, India;

    Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India|Indian Inst Sci, Divecha Ctr Climate Change, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India;

    Indian Space Res Org Headquarters, Bangalore 560231, Karnataka, India;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Aerosols; Vertical distribution; Boundary layer;

    机译：气溶胶垂直分布边界层;

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