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The impact of the pollution control measures for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games on the chemical composition of aerosols

机译：2008年北京奥运会污染控制措施对气溶胶化学成分的影响。

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摘要

We investigated the difference in the concentrations of air pollutants between the period of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games and the same periods in the prior three years (2005-2007, the reference period), in particular, the chemical composition of the particulate matter. PMio, Black carbon (BC), SO_2 and NO_2 were reduced by 33%, 31%, 32% and 51%, respectively, whereas PM2.5 was not reduced during the Olympic period when compared to the reference period. Many pollution control measures that had been applied to prevent air pollution from contaminating the air quality in Beijing during the Olympic Games significantly reduced the larger particles (PM10), SO_2 and NO_2 but it did not as effectively reduce the much smaller particles (PM2.5). The sum of the measured water-soluble ions in total suspended particles (TSP) during the Olympic period was reduced by 35% when compared to the reference period. Each ion was reduced significantly by 43%-79% except for nitrogen-containing species. We estimated that CaS04 reduction by 52% played a significant role in reducing larger particles during the Olympic period. Although many ions in PM2.5 showed a similar decreasing trend as those in TSP, NO_3 in PM2.5 increased significantly. During the Olympic period, the atmospheric nitrogen cycle seemed to have been very complicated. Meteorological conditions such as temperature, relative humidity, or regional-scale air mass trajectory did not seem to be a major reason for the nitrate behavior. Instead, it is possible that the increase of ozone and/or oxidants around the center of Beijing may have accelerated the oxidation of nitrogen oxides to form nitrate. We found a trend in the concentration of high-molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs), which had 5-7 rings decreased during the Olympic period. We considered that the reduction of HMW-PAHs that could be associated with the reduction of BC was due to the reduction of traffic flow resulting from traffic control measures implemented during that time period.
机译：我们调查了北京2008年奥运会期间与前三年（2005-2007年，参考期）同期的空气污染物浓度之间的差异，尤其是颗粒物的化学成分。与基准时期相比，奥运期间PMio，黑碳（BC），SO_2和NO_2分别减少了33％，31％，32％和51％，而PM2.5并未减少。在奥运会期间，为防止空气污染污染北京的空气质量而采取的许多污染控制措施显着减少了较大颗粒（PM10），SO_2和NO_2的含量，但并未有效地减少较小颗粒（PM2.5） ）。与参考时期相比，奥运期间测得的总悬浮颗粒（TSP）中的水溶性离子总量减少了35％。除含氮物质外，每个离子均显着减少了43％-79％。我们估计，在奥运期间，减少52％的CaSO4在减少较大颗粒方面起着重要作用。尽管PM2.5中的许多离子显示出与TSP中相似的下降趋势，但PM2.5中的NO_3显着增加。在奥运会期间，大气氮循环似乎非常复杂。诸如温度，相对湿度或区域尺度的空气质量轨迹等气象条件似乎并不是造成硝酸盐行为的主要原因。取而代之的是，北京中心附近臭氧和/或氧化剂的增加可能加速了氮氧化物的氧化形成硝酸盐。我们发现高分子量PAHs（HMW-PAHs）的浓度有一个趋势，在奥运期间下降了5-7个环。我们认为，HMW-PAHs的减少可能与BC的减少有关，这是由于在此期间实施的交通控制措施导致交通流量的减少。

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  • 来源
    《Atmospheric environment》 |2011年第16期|p.2789-2794|共6页
  • 作者

    Tomoaki Okuda; Shinichiro Matsuura; Daisuke Yamaguchi; Tomoaki Umemura; Eriko Hanada; Hiroki Orihara; Shigeru Tanaka; Kebin He; Yongliang Ma; uan Cheng; Linlin Liang;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

    Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

    Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

    Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    aerosol; Beijing; black carbon; olympic games; pm_10; pm_2.5; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs); tsp; water-soluble ions;

    机译：气溶胶;北京;黑碳;奥林匹克运动会;pm_10;pm_2.5;多环芳烃（pahs）;茶匙;水溶性离子;

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