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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric environment >Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part Ⅱ. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions
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Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part Ⅱ. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions

机译：用CMAQ了解中国区域性空气污染，第二部分。过程分析以及臭氧和颗粒物对前体排放的敏感性

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Following model evaluation in part I, this part II paper focuses on the process analysis and chemical regime analysis for the formation of ozone (O_3) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm (PM_(10)) in China. The process analysis results show that horizontal transport is the main contributor to the accumulation of O_3 in Jan., Apr., and Oct., and gas-phase chemistry and vertical transport contribute to the production and accumulation of O_3 in Jul. Removal pathways of O_3 include vertical and horizontal transport, gas-phase chemistry, and cloud processes, depending on locations and seasons. PM_(10) is mainly produced by primary emissions and aerosol processes and removed by horizontal transport. Cloud processes could either decrease or increase PM_(10) concentrations, depending on locations and seasons. Among all indicators examined, the ratio of P_(HNO_3), /P_(H_2O_2) provides the most robust indicator for O_3 chemistry, indicating a VOC-limited O_3 chemistry over most of the eastern China in Jan., NO_x-limited in Jul., and either VOC- or NO_x-limited in Apr. and Oct. O_3 chemistry is NO_x-limited in most central and western China and VOC-limited in major cities throughout the year. The adjusted gas ratio, AdjGR, indicates that PM formation in the eastern China is most sensitive to the emissions of SO_2 and may be more sensitive to emission reductions in NO_x than in NH_3. These results are fairly consistent with the responses of O_3 and PM_(2.5) to the reductions of their precursor emissions predicted from sensitivity simulations. A 50% reduction of NO_X or AVOC emissions leads to a reduction of O_3 over the eastern China. Unlike the reduction of emissions of SO_2, NO_X, and NH_3 that leads to a decrease in PM_(10), a 50% reduction of AVOC emissions increases PM_(10) levels. Such results indicate the complexity of O_3 and PM chemistry and a need for an integrated, region-specific emission control strategy with seasonal variations to effectively control both O_3 and PM_(2.5) pollution in China.
机译：在第一部分进行模型评估之后，第二部分将重点研究中国的空气动力学直径小于或等于10μm（PM_（10））的臭氧（O_3）和颗粒物形成过程和化学过程分析。过程分析结果表明，水平传输是O_3在1月，4月和10月积累的主要因素，气相化学和垂直传输是O_3在7月生成和积累的原因。 O_3包括垂直和水平传输，气相化学和云过程，具体取决于位置和季节。 PM_（10）主要由一次排放和气溶胶过程产生，并通过水平运输除去。云过程可能会降低或提高PM_（10）浓度，具体取决于位置和季节。在检查的所有指标中，P_（HNO_3），/ P_（H_2O_2）的比值是O_3化学最可靠的指标，表明1月份中国东部大部分地区VOC受限的O_3化学成分，7月为NO_x受限。 ，并且在整个中部和西部，O_3化学品在4月和10月的VOC限制为NO_x限制，而在全年主要城市中则为VOC限制。调整后的气体比率AdjGR表示，中国东部的PM形成对SO_2的排放最敏感，并且对NO_x的减排量比对NH_3的排放更为敏感。这些结果与O_3和PM_（2.5）对通过敏感性模拟预测的前体排放量减少的响应相当一致。在中国东部，NO_X或AVOC排放量减少50％导致O_3减少。与SO_2，NO_X和NH_3的排放量减少导致PM_（10）减少不同，AVOC排放量减少50％会增加PM_（10）水平。这些结果表明，O_3和PM的化学反应十分复杂，并且需要一种具有季节性变化的区域综合排放控制策略，以有效控制中国的O_3和PM_（2.5）污染。

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