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An evaluation of the estimation of road traffic emission factors from tracer studies

机译：示踪研究评估道路交通排放因子的评估

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Road traffic emission factors (EFs) are one of the main sources of uncertainties in emission inventories; it is necessary to develop methods to reduce these uncertainties to manage air quality more efficiently. Recently an alternative method has been proposed to estimate the EFs. In that work the emission factors were estimated from a long term tracer study developed in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) Vietnam. A passive tracer was continuously emitted from a finite line source placed in one side of an urban street canyon. Simultaneously, the resulting tracer concentrations were monitored at the other side of the street. The results of this experiment were used to calculate the dispersion factors and afterwards, these dispersion factors were used to estimate the EFs. In this paper we use the Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) model WinMISKAM to critically evaluate the proposed methodology.rnIn a first step, we use the results of the tracer study to validate the CFD model. Results show that the model is able to simulate quite well the tracer dispersion in most of the cases. The model is then used to evaluate the effect of varying the source configuration and to correct the EFs. A comparison with available studies shows that the corrected EFs are within the range of the EFs reported in other studies. Finally, the CFD model is used to find a source configuration that better represents the vehicle emissions and that may be used in future studies to estimate the EFs more accurately. Results show that a 200 m line placed in the center of the street would represent very well the vehicle emissions. This work shows that it is possible to accurately estimate the EFs from tracer studies.
机译：道路交通排放因子是排放清单不确定性的主要来源之一；有必要开发减少这些不确定性的方法来更有效地管理空气质量。最近，已经提出了一种替代方法来估计EF。在这项工作中，排放因子是根据越南胡志明市（HCMC）开展的一项长期示踪剂研究估算的。从位于城市街道峡谷一侧的有限线源连续发射无源示踪剂。同时，在街道的另一侧监视所得的示踪剂浓度。该实验的结果被用于计算分散因子，然后，这些分散因子被用于估计EF。在本文中，我们使用计算流体动力学（CFD）模型WinMISKAM来严格地评估所提出的方法。第一步，我们使用示踪剂研究的结果来验证CFD模型。结果表明，该模型在大多数情况下都能很好地模拟示踪剂的扩散。然后，该模型用于评估更改源配置的效果并更正EF。与现有研究的比较表明，校正后的EF在其他研究报告的EF范围内。最后，CFD模型用于查找更能代表车辆排放物的源配置，并且可以在未来的研究中使用它来更准确地估算EF。结果表明，一条位于街道中央的200 m线将很好地代表车辆的排放。这项工作表明，可以从示踪剂研究中准确估算EF。

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