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首页> 外文期刊>Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie >Die sozialtheoretische Relevanz des Pragmatismus – Dewey, Cooley, Mead
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Die sozialtheoretische Relevanz des Pragmatismus – Dewey, Cooley, Mead

机译:实用主义的社会理论相关性-杜威,库利,米德

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摘要

Compared to the canonical founding figures of sociological action theory, classical pragmatism formulates a deeper and more extensive analysis of how human action and agency are rooted in and pervaded by its social embeddedness. Especially in the German-speaking world, the innovativeness and relevance of pragmatism have long been neglected. In contrast to Habermas, however, we do not see this importance in an alleged turn from “instrumental to communicative action”. Rather, from both a philological and an analytical point of view, one has to distinguish between two “paradigm shifts” within pragmatism: first, a naturalist, but non-reductionist understanding of human action that regards a specific kind of interaction between the organism and the environment, rather than intellectual givens (such as consciousness, rationality etc.), as the hallmark of human agency; second, a concept of the intrinsic sociality of action that emphasizes the constitutive function of role-taking and the deeply social character of all human activity and self-reflexivity. While the first innovation is spelled out in great detail in the work of John Dewey, the second shift is exemplified by the sociology of Charles Horton Cooley. Yet, it is only in the work of George Herbert Mead that these two breakthroughs are combined within one complex argument. It is the synthesis of these two shifts that constitutes the relevance of pragmatism for social theory.
机译:与社会行为理论的经典奠基人相比,古典实用主义对人类行为和代理如何植根于社会的行为以及如何被其社会嵌入进行了更深入,更广泛的分析。尤其是在德语国家,实用主义的创新性和实用性长期以来一直被忽略。但是,与哈贝马斯相反,在所谓的“从仪表性行动到交流行动”的转变中,我们没有看到这种重要性。相反,从语言学和分析学的角度来看,一个人必须区分实用主义内部的两个“范式转换”:首先,自然主义的但非还原主义的关于人类行为的理解,涉及有机体与生物体之间的特定类型的相互作用。环境是人类代理的标志,而不是理智的奉献(例如意识,理性等);其次,是行动的内在社会性的概念,它强调了角色扮演的构成功能以及所有人类活动和自我反省的深刻社会特征。虽然约翰·杜威(John Dewey)的工作详细阐述了第一个创新,但第二个转变却以查尔斯·霍顿·库利(Charles Horton Cooley)的社会学为例证。然而,只有在乔治·赫伯特·米德(George Herbert Mead)的工作中,才将这两项突破结合在一个复杂的论点中。正是这两个转变的综合,构成了实用主义与社会理论的相关性。

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