Twenty-year outcome for individuals with autism and average or near-average cognitive abilities

Megan A. Farley; William M. McMahon; Eric Fombonne; William R. Jenson; Judith Miller; Michael Gardner; Heidi Block; Carmen B. Pingree; Edward R. Ritvo; Riva Arielle Ritvo; Hilary Coon

首页> 外文期刊>Autism Research >Twenty-year outcome for individuals with autism and average or near-average cognitive abilities

【24h】

Twenty-year outcome for individuals with autism and average or near-average cognitive abilities

机译：具有自闭症和平均或近乎平均认知能力的人的20年结局

获取原文

获取原文并翻译 | 示例

掌桥外文数据库（机构版） >>

开具论文收录证明 >>

文献代查 >>

页面导航

摘要
著录项
相似文献
相关主题

摘要

Previous studies found substantial variability in adult outcome for people with autism whose cognitive functioning was within the near-average and average ranges. This study examined adult outcome for 41 such individuals (38 men and 3 women) originally identified through an epidemiological survey of autism in Utah. Mean age at the time of their previous cognitive assessment was 7.2 years (SD=4.1, range=3.1-25.9 years) and at follow-up was 32.5 years (SD=5.7 years, range=22.3-46.4 years). Outcome measures included standardized assessments of diagnostic status, cognitive ability, and adaptive behavior. Additional information collected concerned demographic variables, indicators of independence, social relationships, medical and psychiatric conditions, and social service use. Outcomes for this sample were better than outcomes described in previous work on individuals with similar cognitive functioning. For example, half of the participants were rated as Very Good or Good on a global outcome measure. As in previous studies, there was considerable variability in measured cognitive ability over time. Over half of the sample had large gains or losses of cognitive ability of greater than 1 standard deviation. Cognitive gain was associated with better outcome, as was better adaptive functioning. While all participants had baseline IQs in the nonimpaired range, there was limited evidence to support the use of other early childhood variables to predict adult outcome.

机译：先前的研究发现，自闭症患者的认知功能在接近平均水平和平均水平的范围内，其成人结局具有很大差异。这项研究检查了最初通过犹他州自闭症流行病学调查确定的41名此类患者（38名男性和3名女性）的成人结局。他们之前的认知评估时的平均年龄为7.2岁（SD = 4.1，范围= 3.1-25.9岁），随访时的平均年龄为32.5岁（SD = 5.7岁，范围= 22.3-46.4岁）。结果措施包括诊断状态，认知能力和适应性行为的标准化评估。收集的其他信息涉及人口统计学变量，独立性指标，社会关系，医疗和精神病状况以及社会服务使用情况。该样本的结果优于先前关于具有相似认知功能的个体的工作中描述的结果。例如，根据全球成果评估，一半的参与者被评为非常好或好。与以前的研究一样，测得的认知能力随时间变化很大。超过一半的样本具有大于1个标准差的认知能力大幅获胜或丧失。认知增益与较好的预后相关，适应性功能也更好。尽管所有参与者的基线智商都在未受损范围内，但仅有有限的证据支持使用其他早期儿童变量来预测成人结局。

著录项

来源
《Autism Research》 |2009年第2期|109-118|共10页
作者
Megan A. Farley; William M. McMahon; Eric Fombonne; William R. Jenson; Judith Miller; Michael Gardner; Heidi Block; Carmen B. Pingree; Edward R. Ritvo; Riva Arielle Ritvo; Hilary Coon;
展开▼
作者单位

Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah|Department of Educational Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;

Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah|The Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;

Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

Department of Educational Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;

Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;

Department of Educational Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;

Department of Educational Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;

Carmen B. Pingree Center for Children with Autism, Salt Lake City, Utah;

Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles Medical School, University of California, Los Angeles, California;

Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut;

Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;

展开▼
收录信息
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类
关键词

相似文献

外文文献
中文文献
专利

1. Understanding the gap between cognitive abilities and daily living skills in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders with average intelligence [J] . Autism : . 2015,第1期

机译：了解具有平均智力的自闭症谱系障碍青少年的认知能力与日常生活技能之间的差距
2. Why Does Cognitive Training Yield Inconsistent Benefits? A Meta-Analysis of Individual Differences in Baseline Cognitive Abilities and Training Outcomes [J] . Hilary J. Traut, Ryan M. Guild, Yuko Munakata Frontiers in Psychology . 2021,第a期

机译：为什么认知训练会产生不一致的效益？基线认知能力和培训结果中个体差异的荟萃分析
3. Social outcomes in mid- to later adulthood among individuals diagnosed with autism and average nonverbal IQ as children [J] . HowlinP., MossP., SavageS., Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry . 2013,第6期

机译：被诊断为自闭症和平均非言语智商的儿童成年中后期的社会结局
4. QiFei: Assisting to Improve Cognitive Abilities for Autism Children Using a Mobile APP [C] . Chuqiao Yi, Feng Ruan, Yayu Gao, Information Communication Technologies Conference . 2020

机译：启飞：使用移动APP协助提高自闭症儿童的认知能力
5. THE PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF SELECTED NON-INTELLECTIVE VARIABLES ON COLLEGE FRESHMEN GRADE POINT AVERAGES: TOWARDS IMPROVING THE TRADITIONAL COGNITIVE MODEL [D] . BEAN, RICHARD DICKEY WAYNE. 1980

机译：所选非智能变量在大学新生分数平均上的预测能力：改进传统认知模型
6. Why Does Cognitive Training Yield Inconsistent Benefits? A Meta-Analysis of Individual Differences in Baseline Cognitive Abilities and Training Outcomes [O] . Hilary J. Traut, Ryan M. Guild, Yuko Munakata 2021

机译：为什么认知训练会产生不一致的效益？基线认知能力和培训结果中个体差异的荟萃分析
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

机译：决策是分析有关问题情况的信息并将其与特定结论进行比较的过程，以解决特定的问题（Yıkılmaz，2001; Miller和Byrnes，2001）。决策风格是一种机制，受到内部和外部条件的影响，确定个人决定的方向，决策过程的内容以及决策过程的结果（PAYNE，BETTMAN和BEDNE） Johson，1993;Bavol'ár和奥萨洛瓦，2015）。法案是认知行为治疗家庭的当代成员。行为（验收和承诺治疗）具有与行为疗法和认知疗法的类似和不同方向（Herbet和Forman，2011; Hayes，2004）。 KKT在分析行为中使用存在性和认知方法来响应古典行为治疗方法。 KKT是一个科学翼，试图解决人类问题，旨在解决有问题的人类行为（铅垂，斯图尔特，Dahl和Lundgren，2009）。有人认为，当我们国家的瞄准国家进行筛选时，有关行动方法的新方法几乎没有研究，并且认为我们的国家将为完成工作做出贡献的心理咨询领域。在研究的范围内，使用实验和对照组和初步测试，使用后测试和后续测量的2x3实验设计。该研究的研究小组包括共24名（12个实验和12个对照组）大学学生在不同的部门和水平上学习，在2015-2016学术上继续进行2015-2016的学术年度2015-2016学年年。实验和对照组参与者的平均年龄是20.实验组中有12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性，12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性。研究人员准备的个人信息表格和决策制定风格规模在研究中使用。为了决定在分析数据的过程中使用的测试，参与者的决策风格刻度预测的分数主要在实验和对照组中进行，分析了参数的基本期望吗？测试得到了回答。由于对实验和对照组给出了从决策曲调标度获得的分数，偏移和峰度分子系数。确定该分布是正常的在成熟的-WILK试验结果中，其中每亚级的偏差和刚度系数在-1到+1之间排名。实验和对照组的参与者;决策式预测测量的同质性测试结果表明数据是均匀的。根据毛毛环保试验的结果，已确定工作支持假设。据确定，从依赖决策风格的实验和对照组获得的预测分数之间没有显着差异，但测试组在测试后的分数内显示出较低的平均分数和后续的分数 - 测试。因此，可以说，应用于实验组的面向活动的心理教育程序减少了决策风格子维度的依赖决策风格分数，并且心理教育程序具有持久的效果。据确定，从实验和对照组自发决策风格获得的预测试，测试后和后续评分之间没有显着差异。因此，可以说这种情况不会导致从应用于实验组的活动导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数的自发决策风格分数显着差异。行为的心理教育计划在个人直观的决策风格下降，但这种减少并没有产生显着的差异。因此，可以说，这种情况不会在从应用于实验组的KKT导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数中产生有意义的决策风格分数。从实验和对照组的理性决策风格获得的预测分数显示后检验后和随访评分之间存在差异，但这种差异并不重要。由于分析，确定测试组的理性决策风格较高，而不是后测试和后续分数的预测分数，而对照组合理决策风格的后测试和后续测试分数显示出与预测试分数相比的减少。预测分数。决策款式扩展避免决策由于分析了预测试，测试后和后续措施的班次评分的平均分数，发现群体效应是微不足道的。确定实验和对照组从避免决策风格获得的预测评分中显着不同，但在测试后和后续测试的分数内没有显示出任何重大变化。

Twenty-year outcome for individuals with autism and average or near-average cognitive abilities

摘要

著录项

相似文献

相关主题

期刊订阅