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An automated safety risk recognition mechanism for underground construction at the pre-construction stage based on BIM

机译：基于BIM的地下施工阶段自动化安全风险识别机制。

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摘要

A highly challenging problem that has been plaguing regulators is the inaccurate collection and sharing of safety risks for underground construction. In order to establish a mechanism that could achieve timely and accurate recognition at the pre-construction stage, Building information model (BIM) is adopted as the risk recognition platform. This paper provides the automated safety risk recognition process based on BIM which is generally composed of three parts. The first part is to build the risk database. By means of knowledge structuralizing, questionnaires, depth interviews and group decision-making, explicit and tacit knowledge source are acquired. The safety risk knowledge source is divided into three categories. SQL database is used to express the safety risk knowledge, and all safety risks are stored in the BIM-cloud. The second part is to analyse the relation between engineering information and safety risks. Risk-related engineering information is extracted from BIM models. Backus-Naur form is used to describe the syntax of languages used in computing. A mapping table of engineering information and safety risks is established. The third part concerns the automated safety risk recognition mechanism in the BIM platform. The safety risk recognition mechanism is expressed as "If e, then h (CF (h, e), lambda)". The confidence level as the link is adopted to reveal the mechanism. Finally, a case about flowing sand risk at the foundation pit bottom is conducted. The reasoning process and recognition results are demonstrated. The paper concludes by summarizing the main scientific contribution and giving direction to future research in this field.
机译：一直困扰着监管机构的一个极具挑战性的问题是地下建筑的不正确收集和分担安全风险。为了建立一种可以在施工前及时准确识别的机制，采用建筑信息模型（BIM）作为风险识别平台。本文提供了一种基于BIM的自动化安全风险识别流程，该流程通常由三部分组成。第一部分是建立风险数据库。通过知识结构化，问卷调查，深度访谈和小组决策，获得了显性和隐性的知识来源。安全风险知识源分为三类。 SQL数据库用于表达安全风险知识，所有安全风险都存储在BIM云中。第二部分是分析工程信息与安全风险之间的关系。从BIM模型中提取与风险相关的工程信息。 Backus-Naur形式用于描述计算中使用的语言的语法。建立了工程信息与安全风险的映射表。第三部分涉及BIM平台中的自动化安全风险识别机制。安全风险识别机制表示为“ If e，then h（CF（h，e），lambda）”。采用可信度作为链接来揭示该机制。最后，对基坑底部流沙风险进行了分析。演示了推理过程和识别结果。最后，通过总结主要的科学贡献并为该领域的未来研究指明方向。

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