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Retrieving similar cases for construction project risk management using Natural Language Processing techniques

机译:使用自然语言处理技术检索类似案例以进行建设项目风险管理

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摘要

Case-based reasoning (CBR) is an important approach in construction project risk management. It emphasises that previous knowledge and experience of accidents and risks are highly valuable and could contribute to avoiding similar risks in new situations. In the CBR cycle, retrieving useful information is the first and the most important step. To facilitate the CBR for practical use, some researchers and organisations have established construction accident databases and their size is growing. However, as those documents are written in everyday language using different ways of expression, how information in similar cases is retrieved quickly and accurately from the database is still a huge challenge. In order to improve the efficiency and performance of risk case retrieval, this paper proposes an approach of combining the use of two Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, i.e. Vector Space Model (VSM) and semantic query expansion, and outlines a framework for this Risk Case Retrieval System. A prototype system is developed using the Python programming language to support the implementation of the proposed method. Preliminary test results show that the proposed system is capable of retrieving similar cases automatically and returning, for example, the top 10 similar cases.
机译:基于案例的推理(CBR)是建设项目风险管理中的一种重要方法。它强调指出,事故和风险的先前知识和经验非常有价值,并且可以有助于在新情况下避免类似风险。在CBR周期中,检索有用信息是第一步也是最重要的一步。为了促进CBR的实际应用,一些研究人员和组织已经建立了施工事故数据库,并且其规模正在不断扩大。但是,由于这些文档是使用不同的表达方式以日常语言编写的,因此在类似情况下如何从数据库中快速准确地检索信息仍然是一个巨大的挑战。为了提高风险案例检索的效率和性能,本文提出了一种将向量空间模型(VSM)和语义查询扩展这两种自然语言处理(NLP)技术结合使用的方法,并为此提出了一个框架。风险案例检索系统。使用Python编程语言开发了原型系统,以支持所提出方法的实现。初步测试结果表明,所提出的系统能够自动检索相似案例并返回例如前10个相似案例。

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