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WIRED FOR SAFETY: PREVENTING FIRES BY CHECKING WIRES

机译：安全安全：通过检查电线防止火灾

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摘要

This summer marked the 25th anniversary of the most complex and vexing aircraft accident in aviation history - TWA Flight 800. The vintage Boeing 747-100 had just departed from New York on its way to Paris when it suddenly exploded off the coast of Long Island. All 230 people on board were killed. As a rookie NTSB field investigator at the time, I was not involved in the years-long effort to solve the accident, but I sure do remember its impact, especially later when I taught at the NTSB Training Center where the TWA 800 reconstruction was housed (see top image at right). The NTSB concluded that the center wing fuel tank of the 747 exploded, likely due to wire chaffing and arcing outside of the tank, which led to a short circuit that allowed excessive voltage to enter the tank through the wiring for the fuel quantity indication system (FQIS). Additionally, NTSB examinations of wiring on 26 other airplanes of varying ages (ranging from new to 28 years old) revealed that all of the older airplanes exhibited numerous examples of mechanically damaged, chafed, cracked, and contaminated wires (see image at lower right). Sharp-edged metal drill shavings (which can damage wire insulation), fluid stains, and other potentially hazardous material were also found in or near the wiring of old and new airplanes.
机译：今年夏天标志着航空历史上最复杂和糟糕的飞机事故成立25周年 - TWA航班800。当它突然爆炸了长岛海岸时，刚刚离开了纽约的老式波音747-100。船上所有230人被杀。作为一个新秀NTSB现场调查员当时，我没有参与少年来解决事故的努力，但我肯定会记住它的影响，特别是当我在NTSB培训中心教授TWA 800重建的培训中心时（见右上的顶部图像）。 NTSB得出结论，747的中心翼燃料箱爆炸，可能是由于电线挤压和罐外的电弧，这导致了短路，允许通过用于燃料量指示系统的布线进入罐的短路（ FQIS）。此外，26个不同年龄的26个飞机的接线的NTSB检查（从新到28岁）透露，所有旧飞机都表现出众多机械损坏，弯曲，破裂和污染的电线的例子（见右下方） 。在旧的和新的飞机布线和新的飞机接线中也发现了锋利的金属钻屑（可能损坏钢丝绝缘），流体污渍和其他潜在的危险物质。

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