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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology >Perceived predation risk and mate defense jointly alter the outcome of territorial fights
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Perceived predation risk and mate defense jointly alter the outcome of territorial fights

机译：感知的掠夺风险和队友防御共同改变了领土战争的结果

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Virtually all animal conflicts occur over access to mates or resources that affect survival, the two key components of fitness. In this paper, we report that predation risk and mate defense jointly affect the outcomes of contests between male sand crabs (Scopimera globosa) for burrows in which crabs mate and take shelter from predators. We observed the contests under three different conditions: (1) the natural condition of low predation risk and without the presence of a female; (2) the first experiment in which we imposed upon only intruding males the perception of predation risk—by digging them from their burrows, capturing and handling them, and placing them into other males’ burrows—to increase the value of the burrows for the intruders as shelter, and (3) the second experiment in which we repeated this treatment but increased the resource value of the burrow to the resident by placing a female in his burrow. The difference in body size between contestants was the main determinant of victory in all analyses. However, perceived predation risk also partly affected the outcomes of the fights: The motivated intruders were likely to win even when they were a little smaller than the residents. In addition, defense of a female had a significant effect on the outcomes of fights: The motivated residents won more fights than the motivated intruders, indicating that these two treatments caused asymmetric increases of the resource value. This is the first report of two external factors simultaneously raising resource value, affecting motivation of contestants, and altering the outcome of fights.
机译：实际上，所有动物冲突都是通过接触影响生存的伴侣或资源而发生的，而生存是适应性的两个关键组成部分。在本文中，我们报道了捕食风险和配偶防御共同影响雄性沙蟹（Scopimera globosa）争夺洞穴的结果，螃蟹在其中交配并躲避捕食者。我们在三种不同条件下观察了比赛：（1）自然掠食性风险低，没有雌性； （2）第一个实验中，我们仅对入侵的男性强加掠食风险的感知-通过从它们的洞穴中挖出，捕获和处理它们，然后将其放入其他男性的洞穴中-来增加洞穴的价值。 （3）第二个实验，我们重复了这种处理，但是通过将一个雌性放在其洞穴中来增加了该洞穴对居民的资源价值。在所有分析中，选手之间体型的差异是决定胜利的主要因素。但是，感知到的掠夺风险也部分地影响了战斗的结果：积极进取的入侵者即使在比居民小的地方也有可能获胜。此外，保护女性对战斗的结果有重要影响：有动机的居民比有动机的入侵者赢得了更多的战斗，这表明这两种治疗导致资源价值的不对称增加。这是有关两个外部因素同时提高资源价值，影响选手动机和改变战斗结果的首次报道。

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