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FUNDAMENTALS OF PRIMARY METABOLISM: MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL ATTEMPTS TO IDENTIFY KEY STEPS

机译:初级代谢的基础知识:分子和生物化学尝试以鉴定关键步骤

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Due to tremendous importance of primary metabolism, intensive study is carried out in our group since decades. In this presentation the three major current research topics are reviewed: (1) Hexokinases play multiple functions in the carbohydrate metabolism, contribute to energy production (glycolysis), form precursors for the synthesis of cell wall and secondary metabolites, and act as signal transducer to regulate gene expression. We isolated and characterised 10 different isoforms of hexokinases from tobacco. Transgenic plants are created with overexpression/downregulation of hexokinases to elucidate their individual functions. In addition Arabidopsis and yeast mutants lacking hexokinases are complemented to functionally analyse the different isoforms. (2) Petunia is used as a model system to study adventitious root formation. To improve the rooting behaviour, metabolic fluxes have to be manipulated via overexpression of rate limiting enzymes, inhibition of competing pathways, manipulation of the levels of signalling compounds/phytohormones, etc. (3) Creation of transgenic plants conferring tolerance against various environmental stimuli. For this purpose, the expression of heterologous enzymes is preferred to circumvent endogenous regulatory mechanisms. We generated transgenic plants expressing a bacterial flavodoxin in different compartments. Plants with plastidic targeted flavodoxin confer broad range stress tolerance. The use of flavodoxin provides new possibilities to improve the stress tolerance capacity of crops as well as to elucidate the mechanism underlying the augmented durability.
机译:由于初级代谢的巨大重要性,几十年来我们小组一直在进行深入研究。在本演讲中,对当前的三个主要研究主题进行了综述:(1)己糖激酶在碳水化合物的代谢中发挥多种功能,有助于产生能量(糖酵解),形成细胞壁和次级代谢产物合成的前体,并充当信号转导。调节基因表达。我们从烟草中分离并鉴定了六种不同的己糖激酶异构体。产生具有过表达/下调己糖激酶的转基因植物以阐明其个别功能。另外,缺少己糖激酶的拟南芥和酵母突变体可用于功能分析不同的同工型。 (2)矮牵牛被用作研究不定根形成的模型系统。为了改善生根行为,必须通过限速酶的过表达,竞争路径的抑制,信号化合物/植物激素水平的控制等来控制代谢通量。(3)产生对各种环境刺激具有耐受性的转基因植物。为此,优选异源酶的表达来规避内源调节机制。我们生成了在不同区室表达细菌黄酮毒素的转基因植物。具有质体靶向性黄酮毒素的植物具有广泛的胁迫耐受性。黄酮毒素的使用为提高农作物的抗逆能力提供了新的可能性,并阐明了增强耐用性的基础。

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