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Stem Cell Niches

机译：干细胞壁ches

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摘要

The nature of the stem cell niche and its interaction with stem cells is one of fundamental problems in the biology of stem cells. Stem cell niches are formed during ontogeny. A niche can remain vacant and exist independently of stem cells; however, stem cell self-renewal cannot be maintained for long periods outside of the niche except for particular conditions, e.g., in vitro. A vacant niche can be occupied by excessive or transplanted stem cells and can provide for their functioning. A niche size allows a definite number of stem cells to be maintained. Excessive stem cells either differentiate in the presence of specific signal(s) or undergo apoptosis in the absence of such signal. Thus, the niches control the number of stem cells in the body and protect it from excessive stem cell proliferation. Under particular conditions, stem cells can leave and return to their niches. Stem cells are retained in the niche by cell-to-cell interactions and adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Both the niches and stem cells arise at a particular ontogenetic stage and are capable of long self-renewal. The development can be described in terms of the formation of stem cells and their niches.
机译：干细胞生态位的性质及其与干细胞的相互作用是干细胞生物学中的基本问题之一。干细胞壁ches在个体发育过程中形成。生态位可以保持空缺并且独立于干细胞而存在；然而，除了特殊条件外，例如在体外，干细胞的自我更新不能在利基之外长期维持。空位可以被过多或移植的干细胞占据，并可以发挥其功能。适当的大小可以保持一定数量的干细胞。过量的干细胞或者在存在特定信号的情况下分化，或者在不存在这种信号的情况下发生凋亡。因此，小生境控制着体内干细胞的数量，并保护其免受过度的干细胞增殖。在特定条件下，干细胞可以离开并返回其壁ni。干细胞通过细胞间相互作用和对细胞外基质的粘附而保留在适当位置。生态位和干细胞都在特定的个体发育阶段出现，并且能够长时间自我更新。这种发展可以用干细胞及其壁ni的形成来描述。

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