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Sex differences and the factor of time in solving Vandenberg and Kuse mental rotation problems

机译：性别差异和解决范登堡和库斯心理旋转问题的时间因素

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摘要

In accounting for the well-established sex differences on mental rotation tasks that involve cube stimuli of the Shepard and Met-zler (Shepard & Metzler, 1971) kind, performance factors are frequently invoked. Three studies are presented that examine performance factors. In Study 1, analyses of the performance of a large number of subjects (n = 1765) that performed the Vandenberg and Kuse (1976) mental rotation test (MRT) under standard conditions showed that the magnitude of the sex differences increases as subjects proceed through the sequence of problems, and that fewer females than males reach the last problems in a problem set. This supports the role of time constraints in sex differences on the MRT. Study 2 compared the magnitude of sex differences for subjects (n = 212) who did the MRT under standard conditions (T1), and with double the time (T2) allowed for the test. No significant reduction in the magnitude of sex differences was observed-even though the overall scores under T2 increased markedly for both sexes. Study 3 examined the suggestion by Kerkman, Wise, and Harwood (2000) that mental rotation differences arise because females spend more time than males in assuring that stimuli that do not match do indeed not match, with no sex differences for matching stimuli. This hypothesis was not supported for a sample of 20 males and 26 females. We conclude that performance factors may play a role in sex difference on mental rotation tasks, but do not account for all of the differences.
机译：在考虑到涉及Shepard和Met-zler（Shepard＆Metzler，1971）的立方体刺激的心理旋转任务上公认的性别差异时，经常会引用性能因素。提出了三项研究来检查性能因素。在研究1中，对在标准条件下进行了Vandenberg和Kuse（1976）心理旋转测试（MRT）的大量受试者的表现进行的分析表明，性别差异的幅度随着受试者的前进而增加问题的顺序，并且达到问题集中最后一个问题的女性人数少于男性。这支持了时间限制在捷运上性别差异中的作用。研究2比较了在标准条件下（T1）进行MRT的受试者（n = 212）的性别差异的大小，并且测试所允许的时间（T2）翻了一番。即使在T2下的总体得分对男女来说都没有显着降低，但也没有观察到性别差异的显着减少。研究3检验了Kerkman，Wise和Harwood（2000）的建议，即精神旋转差异的产生是因为女性在确保不匹配的刺激确实不匹配方面比男性花费更多的时间，并且在匹配刺激方面没有性别差异。 20个男性和26个女性的样本不支持该假设。我们得出结论，在心理旋转任务的性别差异中，性能因素可能起作用，但不能解释所有差异。

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  • 来源
    《Brain and cognition》 |2005年第2期|p.176-184|共9页
  • 作者

    Michael Peters;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 心理学;
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