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Particle image velocimetry measurement and CFD simulation of pedestrian level wind environment around U-type street canyon

机译：U型街道峡谷周围行人风环境的粒子图像测速和CFD模拟

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The configuration of an urban street canyon plays an important role in determining local microclimate including pedestrian level wind environment (PLWE). The semi-closed U-type street canyon has been widely used in high-density trans-oriented-development urban design for providing private space. However, a quantitative evaluation on PLWE of the U-type street canyon is still absent to date. This study quantitatively assesses PLWE of the Utype canyon via particle image velocimetry tests in a wind tunnel. A range of canyon aspect ratios (the ratio of the canyon height to width) and length ratios (the ratio of the canyon length to height) were investigated. The wind flow inside and in the vicinity of the street canyons was measured and analysed under the perpendicular, oblique and parallel approaching wind directions. It was found that the U-type canyon shows a higher PLWE inside canyon on the open side while a lower PLWE inside canyon on the closed side. Compared to parallel canyon, there is a significant enhancement of PLWE in the centre of the U-type canyon and in some spots on the leeward side of the canyon. This is further strengthened with increasing the canyon aspect ratio and length ratio. Nevertheless, the U-type canyon exhibits a lower wind speed at the pedestrian level than that of the parallel canyon both inside and in the vicinity of the street canyons in general especially under parallel wind direction. It is believed that these findings are greatly beneficial to build sustainable cities with a high quality PLWE.
机译：城市街道峡谷的构造在确定包括行人风向环境（PLWE）在内的当地微气候方面起着重要作用。半封闭的U型街道峡谷已被广泛用于高密度的跨导向开发城市设计中，以提供私人空间。但是，到目前为止，还没有对U型街道峡谷的PLWE进行定量评估。这项研究通过风洞中的粒子图像测速测试定量评估了U型峡谷的PLWE。研究了峡谷纵横比（峡谷高宽比）和长度比（峡谷长高比）的范围。在垂直，倾斜和平行的接近风向下，对街道峡谷内部和附近的风流进行了测量和分析。已发现，U型峡谷在开放侧的峡谷内PLWE较高，而在封闭侧的峡谷内PLWE较低。与平行峡谷相比，U型峡谷的中心以及背风处的某些位置的PLWE显着增强。随着峡谷纵横比和长度比的增加，这一点得到了进一步加强。尽管如此，U型峡谷在行人水平上的风速通常比平行峡谷的内部和附近街道峡谷的风速要低，特别是在平行风向下。相信这些发现对建立高质量PLWE的可持续城市非常有益。

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