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Challenges in evaluating strategies for reducing a building's environmental impact through Integrated Design

机译：通过集成设计评估减少建筑物对环境的影响的策略面临的挑战

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To reduce a building's impact on the environment, governments and certification boards encourage the use of innovative and collaborative design processes such as Integrated Design (ID). ID proposes upfront, stakeholder-engagement and collective decision-making to improve life-cycle building performance. Although ID's potential is theoretically well-founded, there is little empirical evidence of its effectiveness. This study seeks to validate the extent to which ID effectively improves project performance in terms of its reduction of environmental impacts. Three Canadian building projects, certified LEED and integrating various environmental strategies, are examined. The research team first identified and evaluated strategies aimed at reducing the buildings' impacts. Then, it analysed the decision-making process and measured impact reductions comparing reference buildings, schematic designs and construction documents - using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools and Building Energy Simulations (BES). Results show a 60% reduction in global warming potential (GWP) and 62% in energy consumption in the case studies. They also underline five challenges for ID practices: tool complexity and accuracy, missing information, reducing embodied energy in high-performance buildings, poor environmental design decisions, and decision-making based on green certification credits. Opportunities to overcome these challenges include deepening professionals' knowledge of Life Cycle Assessments and developing more effective energy simulation tools. The findings can help improve ID processes and protocols to reduce a building's impact on the environment.
机译：为了减少建筑物对环境的影响，政府和认证委员会鼓励使用创新和协作的设计流程，例如集成设计（ID）。 ID提出前期，利益相关者参与和集体决策的建议，以改善生命周期构建绩效。尽管ID的潜力在理论上是有充分根据的，但几乎没有经验证据可以证明其有效性。这项研究旨在验证ID在减少环境影响方面有效提高项目绩效的程度。审查了三个加拿大建筑项目，这些建筑项目通过了LEED认证并整合了各种环境战略。研究小组首先确定并评估了旨在减少建筑物影响的策略。然后，它使用生命周期评估（LCA）工具和建筑能耗模拟（BES），比较了参考建筑物，方案设计和施工文件，分析了决策过程并测量了减少的影响。结果表明，在案例研究中，全球变暖潜能值（GWP）降低了60％，能源消耗降低了62％。他们还强调了ID实践的五个挑战：工具的复杂性和准确性，信息丢失，减少高性能建筑物中的内在能量，不良的环境设计决策以及基于绿色认证信用的决策。克服这些挑战的机会包括加深专业人员对生命周期评估的知识，并开发更有效的能源模拟工具。这些发现有助于改善ID流程和协议，以减少建筑物对环境的影响。

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