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Healthy workplaces, active employees: A systematic literature review on impacts of workplace environments on employees' physical activity and sedentary behavior

机译：健康工作场所，积极员工：关于工作场所环境对员工体育活动和久坐行为的影响的系统文献综述

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Insufficient physical activity (PA) and extensive sedentary behavior (SB) are major global health threats. Workplace interventions, especially the impacts of physical environments, have received limited attention compared to the growing literature linking residential environments with PA/SB. This systematic review examines this understudied topic and proposes a comprehensive conceptual framework for future research and practice. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 87 relevant articles (2000-2017) were identified and reviewed. The results revealed evidence supporting environmental impacts on employees' PA/SB from three spatial scales. At the workstation scale, sit-stand desks, treadmill desks, and stationary high desks were found to reduce SB and increase standing. Work building scale is relatively understudied, and reported correlates include staircase design, overall building design combining multiple PA-friendly strategies, and specific PA amenities (e.g., exercise facilities). On the work neighborhood scale, important correlates include work commute distance and corresponding route characteristics, parking availability and cost, and surrounding neighborhood environments. Assessment of the study quality showed limitations related to selection bias, confounders, difficulty of blinding, and lack of control groups and long-term assessments. The research base is still nascent as to how the workplace environment as a whole, including all three scales, influence PA/SB throughout the workday. This review provides promising support for the potential of promoting active lifestyles through workplace environmental interventions. Future research and practice will be enhanced by a more holistic approach that integrates multiple environmental scales and considers personal and social factors.
机译：身体活动不足（PA）和广泛的久坐行为（SB）是主要的全球健康威胁。与越来越多的文献与PA / SB联系起来，工作场所干预措施尤其是对物理环境的影响。这种系统审查审查了这一议题，并为未来的研究和实践提出了一个全面的概念框架。遵循系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南的首选报告项目，确定并审查了87条相关条款（2000-2017）。结果显示，支持从三个空间尺度对员工PA / SB的环境影响的证据。在工作站规模，坐立的书桌，跑步机和静止的高桌子被发现减少了SB并增加了站立。据报道，工作建设规模相对相关，包括楼梯设计，整体建筑设计结合多种PA友好策略，以及特定的PA设施（例如，锻炼设施）。在工作街区规模上，重要的相关性包括工作通勤距离和相应的路由特性，停车可用性和成本以及周围的邻域环境。评估研究质量表现出与选择偏见，混乱，致盲的难度相关的局限性，以及缺乏对照组和长期评估。研究基地仍然是如何整体的工作场所环境，包括所有三个尺度，在整个工作日中影响PA / SB。该审查提供了对通过工作场所环境干预促进积极生活方式的可能性的有希望的支持。通过更全面的方法将通过更全面的方法来增强未来的研究和实践，并考虑个人和社会因素。

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