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The effects of ventilation and filtration on indoor PM_(2.5) in office buildings in four countries

机译：四个国家在办公大楼中的通风和过滤对室内PM_（2.5）的影响

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Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an airborne pollutant associated with negative acute and chronic human health outcomes. Although the majority of PM2.5 research has focused on outdoor exposures, people spend the majority of their time indoors, where PM2.5 of outdoor origin can penetrate. In this work, we measured indoor PM2.5 continuously for one year in 37 urban commercial offices with mechanical or mixed-mode ventilation in China, India, the United Kingdom, and the United States. We found that indoor PM2.5 concentrations were generally higher when and where outdoor PM2.5 was elevated. In India and China, mean workday indoor PM2.5 levels exceeded the World Health Organization's 24-hour exposure guideline of 25 isg/m3 about 17% and 27% of the time, respectively. Our statistical models found evidence that the operation of mechanical ventilation systems could mitigate the intrusion of outdoor PM2.5: during standard work hours, a 10 isg/m3 increase in outdoor PM2.5 was associated with 19.9% increase in the expected concentration of indoor PM2.5 (p 0.0001), compared to a larger 23.4% increase during non-work hours (p 0.0001). Finally, our models found that using filters with ratings of MERV 13-14 or MERV 15+ was associated with a 30.9% (95% CI: -55.0%, +6.2%) or 39.4% (95% CI: -62.0%, -3.4%) reduction of indoor PM2.5, respectively, compared to filters with lower MERV 7-12 ratings. Our results demonstrate the potential efficacy of mechanical ventilation with efficient filtration as a public health strategy to protect workers from PM2.5 exposure, particularly where outdoor levels of PM2.5 are elevated.
机译：细颗粒物质（PM2.5）是与阴性急性和慢性人体健康结果相关的空气污染物。虽然大多数PM2.5研究都集中在户外暴露中，但人们在室内花费了大部分时间，其中PM2.5的户外起源可以渗透。在这项工作中，我们在中国，印度，英国和美国的机械或混合模式通风中，我们在37个城市商业办公室持续持续一年的室内PM2.5。我们发现室内PM2.5浓度通常较高，当升高室外PM2.5时较高。在印度和中国，平均工作日室内PM2.5级别超出了世界卫生组织的24小时24小时曝光指南，分别为25吨/立方米约17％和27％。我们的统计模型发现，机械通风系统的运行可以减轻室外PM2.5的侵入：在标准工作时间内，室外PM2.5增加10 isg / m3增加与室内预期浓度增加19.9％ PM2.5（P <0.0001），相比，在非工作时间增加23.4％（P <0.0001）。最后，我们的模型发现，使用具有Merv 13-14或Merv 15+的额定值的过滤器与30.9％（95％Ci：-55.0％，+ 6.2％）或39.4％（95％Ci：-62.0％）相关联。与具有较低MERV 7-12额定值的过滤器相比，室内PM2.5的减少-3.4％）。我们的结果表明机械通气与有效过滤作为公共卫生策略的潜在疗效，以保护工人免受PM2.5暴露的影响，特别是在PM2.5的室外水平升高的地方。

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