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Order effects when using Hopkinson's multiple criterion scale of discomfort due to glare

机译：使用霍普金森氏多标准眩光引起的不适感时的阶效应

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Hopkinson's multiple criterion scale is widely used to investigate the subjective degree of discomfort due to glare. Using an adjustment procedure, glare source luminance is adjusted to reveal four levels of discomfort, typically: just imperceptible, just acceptable, just uncomfortable, and just intolerable. In many studies, observers are instructed to attend to each level of discomfort in ascending order, from the lowest to the highest criterion. It is likely, however, that any settings made using this approach are influenced by an order bias, and this would affect the reported thresholds of discomfort. To investigate order effects, a Hopkinson-like multiple criterion adjustment experiment was performed, but under three different order sequences: ascending, descending, and randomised. The results revealed substantial bias due to order effects, particularly for lower glare criteria. This demonstrates the need for caution when interpreting subjective evaluations of discomfort due to glare and estimating the robustness of glare indices derived from studies that used Hopkinson's scale and procedure.
机译：霍普金森氏多标准量表被广泛用于研究眩光引起的主观不适程度。使用调节程序，可调节眩光源的亮度，以显示出四个不适级别，通常是：难以察觉，可以接受，不适和无法忍受。在许多研究中，都要求观察者按照从低到高的顺序从小到大依次处理每个不适等级。但是，使用此方法进行的任何设置都可能会受到顺序偏倚的影响，这将影响所报告的不适阈值。为了研究顺序效果，进行了类似霍普金森的多准则调整实验，但是以三种不同的顺序进行：升序，降序和随机化。结果表明，由于阶调效应，尤其是对于较低的眩光标准，存在很大的偏差。这表明在解释由于眩光引起的不适感的主观评估并评估使用霍普金森氏量表和程序得出的眩光指数的稳健性时，需要谨慎行事。

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