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Spatiotemporal characteristics of anthropogenic heat in an urban environment: A case study of Tsinghua Campus

机译：城市环境中人为热量的时空特征-以清华校区为例

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摘要

In this study, a detailed investigation of the spatiotemporal characteristics of anthropogenic heat (AH) from different sectors (i.e. human metabolism, transportation and building energy consumption) in an urban environment (the Tsinghua Campus in Beijing, China) is conducted using inventory and building energy modeling methods. The AH is estimated as large as 220.0 W m~(-2) (at about local time 7pm) in summer and 221.0 W m~(-2) (at about local time 6am) in winter. The results indicate that AH on Tsinghua Campus (TC) displays clear diurnal and seasonal cycles. Among the three sectors on TC, building energy consumption contributes the most to the total AH (about 97.4%), whereas metabolism and transportation accounts for 1.4% and 1.2% respectively. The spatial distribution of AH on TC indicates that higher AH is generally observed in more densely built-up areas with the hourly maximum value of 474.3 W m~(-2). Comparison between AH and incoming solar radiation shows that the magnitude of AH is about 43% and 92% of the incoming solar radiation in summer and winter, respectively. Therefore, AH should be considered as an important component of the urban representation in numeric weather prediction models and should be carefully accounted for when considering the urban surface energy balance. This study provides evidence of the significance of AH in urban environment and suggestions for improvement of urban module in numeric weather prediction models.
机译：在这项研究中，使用清单和建筑物对城市环境（中国北京清华校区）中不同部门（即人类新陈代谢，运输和建筑能耗）的人为热量（AH）的时空特征进行了详细调查。能量建模方法。夏季的AH估计高达220.0 W m〜（-2）（大约在当地时间晚上7点），而冬季则估计为221.0 W m〜（-2）（在大约当地时间早上6点）。结果表明，清华校区的AH显示出清晰的昼夜和季节周期。在TC的三个部门中，建筑能耗占总AH的比例最大（约97.4％），而新陈代谢和运输分别占1.4％和1.2％。 TC上AH的空间分布表明，通常在密度较高的密集地区观测到较高的AH，每小时最大值为474.3 W m〜（-2）。 AH与太阳辐射的比较表明，在夏季和冬季，AH的量分别约为太阳辐射的43％和92％。因此，在数值天气预报模型中，应将AH视为城市表征的重要组成部分，并在考虑城市表面能平衡时应谨慎考虑。这项研究提供了AH在城市环境中的重要性的证据，并为改进数字天气预报模型中的城市模块提供了建议。

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