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Coupled EnergyPlus and computational fluid dynamics simulation for natural ventilation

机译：结合EnergyPlus和计算流体动力学模拟进行自然通风

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Energy modeling approaches have continued to advance to cater for emerging new design concepts toward "greener" solutions that optimize energy consumption in buildings while maintaining thermal comfort as well as healthy environment. Increasing attention is given to passive and mix-mode systems in building. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model has been widely adopted as effective tool for natural ventilation simulations. However, CFD become unstable for conjugate heat transfer model, which is the transient heat transfer between solid and fluid. Solid and fluid has different respond times to thermal energy. Typically walls respond in hours, and air responds in seconds, causing the system to become stiff. In addressing the issue, a coupled lumped heat transfer model (EnergyPlus) and CFD model (Fluent) was implemented, and 8 days of simulation was conducted. The airflow rates of openings and heat transfer coefficients from the airflow network module in EnergyPlus and those from CFD model were compared. Results show that airflow network model generally predict smaller airflow rates for the openings. Airflow network model generates better results for openings on the south and east facade and internal openings, where there is no immediate adjacent building. Among the heat transfer coefficients calculation methods in EnergyPlus, the TARP algorithm generated closest HTC values to the coupled CFD results. The overall heat transfer coefficients of all the enclosure surfaces are calculated and it is found that the overall thermal resistances generated from the three convective HTC algorithms are almost the same, yet with observable difference from coupled CFD simulations.
机译：能源建模方法一直在不断发展，以迎合新兴的设计理念，朝着“绿色”解决方案发展，这些解决方案可优化建筑物的能耗，同时保持热舒适性和健康的环境。在建筑中，越来越多地关注无源和混合模式系统。计算流体动力学（CFD）模型已被广泛用作自然通风模拟的有效工具。然而，对于共轭传热模型，CFD变得不稳定，这是固相和流体之间的瞬态传热。固体和流体对热能的响应时间不同。通常，墙壁会在数小时内响应，而空气会在数秒内响应，从而导致系统变得僵硬。为了解决该问题，实施了耦合的集总传热模型（EnergyPlus）和CFD模型（Fluent），并进行了8天的模拟。比较了EnergyPlus中的气流网络模块和CFD模型中的孔的空气流速和传热系数。结果表明，气流网络模型通常预测开口的较小气流速率。气流网络模型可为南立面和东立面的开口以及内部没有直接相邻建筑物的开口产生更好的结果。在EnergyPlus中的传热系数计算方法中，TARP算法生成了最接近耦合CFD结果的HTC值。计算了所有外壳表面的总传热系数，发现由三种对流HTC算法产生的总热阻几乎相同，但与耦合CFD模拟可观察到差异。

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