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Life-cycle assessment of residential buildings in three different European locations, case study

机译：欧洲三个不同地点的住宅建筑的生命周期评估，案例研究

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The paper presents the comparative results of the life-cycle assessment (LCA) of one residential building with two constructive systems in Brussels and one steel frame house located in three different European towns: Brussels (Belgium), Coimbra (Portugal) and Lulea (Sweden). In a recent study, a modular building was studied in Coimbra and Lulea. It was shown that in terms of CO_2 emissions, the Use Stage was the most harmful stage during the building life-cycle for Coimbra climate. Contrarily, in Lule£, it was the Product Stage, despite energy consumption being higher than Coimbra, due to the way electricity and heat are generated. In the present study, two structural systems are first compared for the Belgian house: steel frame and traditional masonry. A different life-cycle scenario is taken into account for the steel frame house for the three different locations, in which the monthly temperatures, energy mix, heating and cooling systems are defined. The LCA is carried out using the basic tool described in the companion paper. It is worth recalling that the results obtained with the basic tool were verified against Pleiades + Comfie and Equer software, enabling to carry out a complete LCA, for Brussels. Our results confirm that for all the three climates, the Use Stage (Operational energy) is the most harmful period during the building life-cycle and that the energy mix of the country strongly influences the equivalent CO_2 emissions related to the Use Stage (Operational carbon) and may entirely reverse the conclusions about the life-cycle carbon footprint of the building.
机译：本文介绍了布鲁塞尔一栋有两种建筑系统的住宅楼和一栋位于三个不同欧洲城镇的钢结构房屋的生命周期评估（LCA）的比较结果：三个不同的欧洲城镇：布鲁塞尔（比利时），科英布拉（葡萄牙）和卢勒阿（瑞典） ）。在最近的研究中，在科英布拉和吕勒奥研究了一种模块化建筑。结果表明，就CO_2排放而言，使用阶段是科英布拉气候建筑生命周期中最有害的阶段。相反，在卢勒（Lule），这是产品阶段，尽管由于产生电能和热量的方式，其能源消耗高于科英布拉（Coimbra）。在本研究中，首先比较了比利时房屋的两种结构系统：钢框架和传统砖石结构。对于三个不同位置的钢架房屋，考虑了不同的生命周期方案，其中定义了每月的温度，能源结构，供暖和制冷系统。使用随附文件中描述的基本工具执行LCA。值得回顾的是，使用Pleiades + Comfie和Equer软件对通过基本工具获得的结果进行了验证，从而能够为布鲁塞尔实施完整的LCA。我们的结果证实，在所有三种气候中，使用阶段（运营能源）是建筑生命周期中最有害的时期，并且该国的能源结构对与使用阶段（运营碳排放）相关的等效CO_2排放产生强烈影响），并且可能完全颠倒有关建筑物生命周期碳足迹的结论。

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