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Building energy performance: sphere area as a fair normalization concept

机译：建筑能源性能：球体区域作为公平规范化概念

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摘要

Residential building energy performance indicators are compared with a different approach for the normalization of the characteristic yearly primary energy use. The purpose is to analyse which approach results in a fair assessment of more compact, energy-efficient building geometries, and of smaller building size. A normalization by floor area is shown to result in a poorer energy performance rating for smaller buildings. The notional building approach, as recently introduced in various countries, does not lead to a fair assessment of efficient geometries. Furthermore, the choice of reference characteristics to calculate the energy performance rating has a different impact on buildings with different characteristics. An average building approach is introduced as an improvement of the notional building approach. Form-efficient buildings are found to achieve a lower energy performance rating, but the choice of the reference characteristics is still present to a limited extent. As a second alternative, it is proposed to normalize the energy use by the sphere-area approach: the area of a sphere with the same volume as the rated building. This method leads to a fair assessment of form-efficient buildings and creates an incentive for more efficient building geometries and typologies.
机译：将住宅建筑能源性能指标与不同方法进行比较，用于标准化的特征年次主要能源使用。目的是分析哪种方法导致对更紧凑，节能的建筑几何形状以及较小的建筑物尺寸进行公平评估。通过楼层区域的归一化显示为较小建筑的能量性能等级较差。正如在各国最近引入的那样，本名建筑方法不会导致对有效几何形状的公平评估。此外，计算能量性能等级的参考特性的选择对具有不同特性的建筑物具有不同的影响。介绍了平均建筑方法，作为义人建筑方法的改进。形成效率的建筑物达到较低的能量性能等级，但参考特性的选择仍然存在于有限的范围内。作为第二种替代方案，提出了球形区域方法的能量使用：球体的面积与额定建筑物相同的球体。这种方法导致对形式有效的建筑物的公平评估，并为更高效的建筑几何和类型创造了激励。

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