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Simulation-based daylighting analysis procedure for developing urban zoning rules

机译：基于模拟的日光分析程序，用于制定城市分区规则

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摘要

Increasing urban density leads to a conflict between space-use efficiency and daylight access. Cities have traditionally relied on zoning guidelines that consist of section-based geometric evaluation techniques and/or hours of access to direct sunlight. However, it is now possible to quantify the performance of detailed design proposals before construction. Annual climate-based daylighting performance metrics for urban environments can be computed accurately, in high spatial resolution and in a timely manner. Given that massing design decisions at the urban planning level may make or break the long-term daylighting potential of a whole neighbourhood, the adoption of these tools by zoning boards, developers and urban planners seems particularly relevant. A simulation-based daylighting analysis procedure reveals the capabilities for both formulating more nuanced prescriptive zoning rules as well as for use by design teams. The procedure is used to evaluate the daylighting performance of 50 block typologies in New York City (NYC). The analysis demonstrates that certain urban massing approaches (e.g. pencil towers on a contextual base) outperform conventional massing strategies. A second case study application of an actual city block shows that innovative urban massings can improve access to daylight for the massing itself as well as for neighbouring buildings.
机译：城市密度的增加导致空间利用效率和日光获取之间的冲突。传统上，城市依靠分区指南，该指南包括基于分区的几何评估技术和/或获得直射阳光的时间。但是，现在可以在施工之前量化详细设计方案的性能。可以在高空间分辨率下及时准确地计算出基于城市环境的年度气候采光性能指标。鉴于在城市规划级别进行大规模设计决策可能会破坏整个社区的长期采光潜力，因此分区委员会，开发商和城市规划人员采用这些工具显得尤为重要。基于模拟的采光分析程序揭示了既可以制定更细微的规定性分区规则，又可以供设计团队使用的功能。该程序用于评估纽约市（NYC）的50种街区类型的采光性能。分析表明，某些城市大众化方法（例如基于上下文的铅笔塔）优于传统的大众化策略。实际城市街区的第二个案例研究应用表明，创新的城市集聚可以改善集聚本身以及附近建筑物的日光获取。

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