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In Situ EXAFS Characterization of Nanoparticulate Catalysts

机译：纳米颗粒催化剂的原位EXAFS表征

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X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy probes the structure and electronic properties of metal centers. Because it can be applied to noncrystalline materials, it is a key technique for probing nanoparticulate materials, such as colloidal and heterogeneous metal catalysts. The high brilliance of modern synchrotron radiation x-ray sources facilitates in situ studies, which provide direct structure-function relationships with both spatial and time resolution; this is especially effective when applied in combination with complementary techniques such as x-ray diffraction, mass spectrometry, and optical or vibrational spectroscopies. Tracking the particle formation of platinum-group metal catalysts, their behavior under reaction conditions, and the distribution of sites within a catalyst bed shows that this approach is essential for understanding the chemistry of these nanoparticles. Rather than behave as monolithic entities, nanoparticulate catalysts undergo rapid structural transformations induced by the gas environment and reaction conditions, and their lifetimes as catalysts depend on the reversibility of these changes.
机译：X射线吸收精细结构（XAFS）光谱探测了金属中心的结构和电子性能。因为它可以应用于非晶材料，所以它是探测纳米颗粒材料（例如胶体和非均相金属催化剂）的关键技术。现代同步加速器辐射X射线源的高亮度促进了原位研究，从而提供了具有空间和时间分辨率的直接结构-功能关系；当与补充技术（例如X射线衍射，质谱和光学或振动光谱学）结合使用时，这特别有效。追踪铂族金属催化剂的颗粒形成，它们在反应条件下的行为以及催化剂床内位点的分布表明，这种方法对于理解这些纳米颗粒的化学性质至关重要。纳米颗粒催化剂不是作为整体实体，而是会受到气体环境和反应条件的影响而经历快速的结构转变，它们作为催化剂的寿命取决于这些变化的可逆性。

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