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首页> 外文期刊>Cambridge Review of International Affairs >Greenhouse Development Rights: towards an equitable framework for global climate policy
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Greenhouse Development Rights: towards an equitable framework for global climate policy

机译：温室气体发展权：建立公平的全球气候政策框架

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摘要

The assignment of obligations to pay for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and for adaptation to unavoidable climate change is a critical and controversial component of international negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. In this article we present a new framework called 'Greenhouse Development Rights' (GDRs): a formula for the calculation of national obligations on the basis of quantified capacity (wealth) and responsibility (contribution to climate change). GDRs seek to preserve the 'right to development' by exempting from obligation any income and emissions under a 'development threshold'. By taking into account the distribution of income and emissions within countries, and calculating national obligations as if they were the aggregated obligations of individuals, the framework treats every global citizen identically, and allocates obligations even to poor countries that are proportional to their actual middle-class and wealthy populations. When coupled to a trajectory of rapid emissions reductions (for example, 80 per cent reduction below 1990 levels by 2050), the framework results in larger reduction obligations for both rich and poor countries than they currently seem prepared to accept. However, the formula may be 'fair enough' to break the impasse that currently separates rich and poor countries in the negotiations.
机译：减轻温室气体排放和适应不可避免的气候变化的支付义务的分配是《联合国气候变化框架公约》下国际谈判的关键和有争议的组成部分。在本文中，我们提出了一个称为“温室开发权”（GDR）的新框架：一种基于量化能力（财富）和责任（对气候变化的贡献）计算国家义务的公式。 GDR试图通过免除“发展门槛”下的任何收入和排放来维护“发展权”。该框架考虑到国家内部收入和排放的分布，并计算国家义务，就好像它们是个人的总义务一样，对每个全球公民都一视同仁，甚至将义务分配给与他们的实际中间国家成比例的贫困国家。阶级和富裕人口。加上迅速减少排放的轨迹（例如，到2050年将排放量减少到1990年水平的80％），该框架导致富国和穷国的减排义务都超过了它们目前似乎愿意接受的水平。但是，该方案可能“足够公平”，可以打破目前在谈判中将富国和穷国分开的僵局。

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