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Introduction: The Social Effects of Culture

机译:简介:文化的社会影响

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In August of 2004, in collaboration with the Department of Canadian Heritage (DCH) and the Canada Council for the Arts (CCA), I organized a workshop of experts in Montreal to discuss the question "What are the social effects of participation in arts and heritage?" (Stanley, 2004). The experts included university scholars, cultural practitioners, policymakers, and researchers from various national arts councils. Participants came from Canada, the United States, Europe, and the Pacific. The workshop was the first stage of a research program called the Initiative to Study the Social Effects of Culture (ISSEC). As a result of this workshop, and as the next step in ISSEC, the Department of Canadian Heritage commissioned a series of research papers. The aim of the research was to deepen our understanding of the social effects of culture that the experts had identified and to provide, through case studies, some preliminary empirical evidence. At the workshop, culture was deliberately defined broadly and inclusively, so as not to bias any discussion or limit the comprehensiveness at this early stage. Culture included the creative arts (music, literature, painting, etc.) and the industries and organizations that are needed for their existence. It included both professional and amateur creative arts as well as informal keeping of traditions and the formal recognition and preservation of those traditions, which we often call heritage activities. These are typically the areas that receive the kind of intervention we call "cultural policy." It was suggested, however, that you could not discuss the social effects of culture defined in this way unless you also recognized that those activities encompassed something we also call culture, that is, patterns of living and the set of symbolic resources in a society. Culture was defined at the outset to include this perspective.
机译:2004年8月,我与加拿大遗产部(DCH)和加拿大艺术理事会(CCA)合作,在蒙特利尔组织了一次专家研讨会,讨论了以下问题:“参与艺术和艺术对社会产生了什么社会影响?遗产?” (Stanley,2004年)。专家包括大学学者,文化从业人员,政策制定者以及来自各个国家艺术委员会的研究人员。与会者来自加拿大,美国,欧洲和太平洋地区。该研讨会是一项名为“研究文化的社会效应倡议”(ISSEC)的研究计划的第一阶段。这次研讨会的结果,以及ISSEC的下一步,加拿大遗产部委托撰写了一系列研究论文。该研究的目的是加深我们对专家们已经确定的文化社会影响的理解,并通过案例研究提供一些初步的经验证据。在研讨会上,对文化进行了广泛和包容的定义,以免在早期阶段对任何讨论造成偏见或限制其全面性。文化包括创意艺术(音乐,文学,绘画等)以及生存所需的行业和组织。它包括专业和业余创意艺术,以及对传统的非正式保留以及对这些传统的正式承认和保存,我们通常将其称为遗产活动。这些领域通常会受到我们称为“文化政策”的干预。但是,有人建议,除非您还认识到这些活动包含我们也称为文化的东西,即生活模式和社会中的象征性资源,否则您不能讨论以这种方式定义的文化的社会影响。一开始就将文化定义为包括这种观点。

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