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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Water Resources Journal >Variability of tracer breakthrough curves in mountain streams: Implications for streamflow measurement by slug injection
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Variability of tracer breakthrough curves in mountain streams: Implications for streamflow measurement by slug injection

机译：山区河流中示踪剂突破曲线的变异性：injection注入测量流量的意义

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摘要

Tracer dilution methods are commonly used to measure discharge in steep mountain streams. This research addressed knowledge gaps associated with dilution methods using original field data collected on nine streams in southwest British Columbia and discharge measurements conducted by Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. Minimum mixing lengths ranged between 2.4 and 24.5 stream wetted widths, but determining the mixing length can be confounded by surface-subsurface water fluxes. Probes need to be placed on opposite sides of the stream to verify adequate mixing, because probes located at different locations on the same of the stream sometimes suggested complete mixing had occurred when it in fact had not. For probes located downstream of complete mixing, breakthrough curves (BTCs) for probes located in the main current differed significantly from probes in zones with recirculating flow, even though they yielded discharge values within10%. The peak of the BTC is a function of the mass of tracer injected, reach length, channel cross-sectional area, and the integral of a non-dimensional BTC, A*. The distribution of A* derived from analysis of 175 BTCs can be used, in conjunction with estimates of channel geometry and desired increases in electrical conductivity, to estimate dosing requirements to avoid under- or over-dosing a stream reach.
机译：示踪剂稀释法通常用于测量陡峭山区河流的流量。这项研究使用在不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部的9条溪流上收集的原始现场数据以及由Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd进行的流量测量来解决与稀释方法相关的知识差距。最小混合长度在2.4至24.5条溪流湿宽度之间，但是确定混合长度可以被地表下水通量所混淆。需要将探针放在流的相对两侧以验证是否充分混合，因为有时位于同一条流的不同位置的探针有时会提示已经完全混合，而实际上没有发生。对于位于完全混合下游的探针，位于主电流中的探针的穿透曲线（BTC）与具有再循环流的区域中的探针存在显着差异，即使它们产生的放电值在10％以内。 BTC的峰值是注入的示踪剂质量，到达长度，通道横截面积以及无量纲BTC A *的积分的函数。可以使用从175个BTC的分析中得出的A *的分布，结合通道几何结构的估计和所需的电导率的增加，来估计剂量需求，以避免流量不足或过量。

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