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Modelling rainfall interception by urban trees

机译：模拟城市树木的降雨截留

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摘要

Trees in the urban environment have significant effects on the hydrological cycle by aiding in the reduction of stormwater runoff through rainfall interception. Factors such as wind exposure, relative humidity and leaf area index in the urban environment differ from those in a forest and affect the processes occurring within the canopy of conifers and deciduous tree species differently. This study focused on the interception losses of trees in an urban setting with a view to providing some information on tree selection in urban environments. An analytical model was formulated based on a rainfall interception model developed for sparse canopy forests and preliminary data on water losses from tree canopy interception. The model was validated using empirical data, and an assessment of the performance of the model for four deciduous tree species (white oak, Norway maple, green ash and Prunus sp.). Model-calculated values of interception losses and throughfall were congruent with measured empirical values. Sensitivity analysis with respect to model parameter values revealed that evaporation and rainfall rates were the most sensitive parameters for model output. The ratio of evaporation rate to rainfall rate used in the model was identified as the most dynamic parameter. To measure independently the two components requires further analysis, and a more reliable measurement of leaf area index.
机译：城市环境中的树木通过减少降雨来减少雨水径流，从而对水文循环产生重大影响。城市环境中的风暴露，相对湿度和叶面积指数等因素与森林中的因素不同，并且对针叶树和落叶乔木树冠内发生的过程产生不同的影响。这项研究集中于城市环境中树木的截留损失，以期提供有关城市环境中树木选择的一些信息。基于针对稀疏冠层森林开发的降雨截留模型和关于树木冠层截留的水损失的初步数据，建立了一个分析模型。使用经验数据验证了该模型，并评估了该模型对四种落叶树种（白橡树，挪威枫树，绿灰和李属树）的性能的评估。由模型计算得出的截获损耗和穿透值与实测经验值一致。关于模型参数值的敏感性分析表明，蒸发和降雨速率是模型输出的最敏感参数。模型中使用的蒸发速率与降雨速率之比被确定为最动态的参数。要独立测量这两个组件，需要进行进一步分析，并更可靠地测量叶面积指数。

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  • 来源
    《Canadian Water Resources Journal》 |2017年第4期|336-348|共13页
  • 作者

    Huang Jie Ying; Black T. A.; Jassal R. S.; Lavkulich L. M. Les;

  • 作者单位

    Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Vancouver, BC, Canada;

    Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Vancouver, BC, Canada;

    Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Vancouver, BC, Canada;

    Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Vancouver, BC, Canada;

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