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The effects of tree characteristics on rainfall interception in urban areas

机译：树木特征对城市地区降雨截留的影响

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Trees in urban areas have significant effects on the urban ecosystem. They can be used to improve the water cycle in urban areas by increasing evaporation and reducing runoff through rainfall interception. Street trees placed in planters on impervious areas reduce runoff by intercepting rainfall and by temporarily storing raindrops on leaves. Therefore, understanding tree canopy geometry and the effect of rainfall interception is important in urban hydrology. In this study, we assessed the effect of tree canopy morphology on rainfall interception using four major street tree species, Sophora japonica L., Ginkgo biloba L., Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino, and Aesculus turbinata Blume, in Seoul, South Korea. We measured throughfall for each tree and also derived three-dimensional data of tree canopy morphology with a terrestrial laser scanner. Tree height, canopy crown width, leaf area index (LAI), leaf area density, mean leaf area, and mean leaf angle were used to determine canopy morphology. The interception rate was mostly affected by the LAI; a higher LAI tended to result in a higher interception rate. Leaf area affected the rainfall interception rate when trees had similar LAIs. These findings on individual tree canopy rainfall interception can help us to understand the importance of rainfall interception in hydrology and for ecological restoration when planning urban green spaces.
机译：城市地区的树木对城市生态系统具有重大影响。它们可用于通过增加蒸发并通过截留降雨减少径流来改善城市地区的水循环。在不透水区的花坛上种植的街树通过拦截降雨和将雨滴临时存储在树叶上来减少径流。因此，了解树冠的几何形状和降雨截留的影响在城市水文学中很重要。在这项研究中，我们使用韩国首尔的4种主要街道树种，槐树，银杏，牧草（Zelkova s​​errata（Thunb。）Makino）和欧洲七叶树（Aesculus turbinata Blume），评估了树冠形态对降雨截留的影响。 。我们测量了每棵树的穿透力，并使用地面激光扫描仪得出了树冠形态的三维数据。使用树高，冠层冠宽，叶面积指数（LAI），叶面积密度，平均叶面积和平均叶角来确定冠层形态。拦截率主要受LAI影响；较高的LAI往往会导致较高的拦截率。当树木具有相似的LAI时，叶面积会影响降雨的截留率。这些关于单个树冠降雨截留的发现可以帮助我们理解在规划城市绿地时截留降雨在水文学和生态恢复中的重要性。

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