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Fat poetry: a kingdom for PPARγ

机译：胖诗：PPARγ的王国

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摘要

Adipose tissue is not an inert cell mass contributing only to the storage of fat, but a sophisticated ensemble of cellular components with highly specialized and complex functions. In addition to managing the most important energy reserve of the body, it secretes a multitude of soluble proteins called adipokines, which have beneficial or, alternatively, deleterious effects on the homeostasis of the whole body. The expression of these adipokines is an integrated response to various signals received from many organs, which depends heavily on the integrity and physiological status of the adipose tissue. One of the main regulators of gene expression in fat is the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which is a fatty acid- and eicosanoid-dependent nuclear receptor that plays key roles in the development and maintenance of the adipose tissue. Furthermore, synthetic PPARγ agonists are therapeutic agents used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This review discusses recent knowledge on the link between fat physiology and metabolic diseases, and the roles of PPARγ in this interplay via the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Finally, we assess the putative benefits of targeting this nuclear receptor with still-to-be-identified highly selective PPARγ modulators.
机译：脂肪组织不是仅有助于脂肪储存的惰性细胞团，而是具有高度专门化和复杂功能的复杂的细胞成分集合。除了管理人体最重要的能量储备外，它还分泌多种可溶蛋白，称为脂肪因子，对人体的体内平衡具有有益或有害的作用。这些脂肪因子的表达是对从许多器官接收到的各种信号的综合反应，这在很大程度上取决于脂肪组织的完整性和生理状态。脂肪中基因表达的主要调节剂之一是转录因子过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ），它是一种脂肪酸和类花生酸依赖性核受体，在脂肪组织的发育和维持中起关键作用。此外，合成的PPARγ激动剂是用于治疗2型糖尿病的治疗剂。这篇综述讨论了有关脂肪生理与代谢疾病之间关系的最新知识，以及通过调节脂质和葡萄糖代谢，PPARγ在这种相互作用中的作用。最后，我们评估了用尚待确定的高选择性PPARγ调节剂靶向该核受体的假定益处。

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