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Human stem cells for CNS repair

机译:人干细胞用于中枢神经系统修复

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Although most peripheral tissues have at least a limited ability for self-repair, the central nervous system (CNS) has long been known to be relatively resistant to regeneration. Small numbers of stem cells have been found in the adult brain but do not appear to be able to affect any significant recovery following disease or insult. In the last few decades, the idea of being able to repair the brain by introducing new cells to repair damaged areas has become an accepted potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the suitability of various human stem cell sources for such treatments of both slowly progressing conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and multiple sclerosis, and acute insult, such as stroke and spinal cord injury. Despite stem cell transplantation having now moved a step closer to the clinic with the first trials of autologous mesenchymal stem cells, the effects shown are moderate and are not yet at the stage of development that can fulfil the hopes that have been placed on stem cells as a means to replace degenerating cells in the CNS. Success will depend on careful investigation in experimental models to enable us to understand not just the practicalities of stem cell use, but also the underlying biological principles.
机译:尽管大多数外围组织的自我修复能力至少有限,但早已知道中枢神经系统(CNS)对再生具有相对的抵抗力。在成年大脑中发现了少量的干细胞,但似乎无法影响疾病或侮辱后的任何明显恢复。在过去的几十年中,能够通过引入新的细胞修复受损区域来修复大脑的想法已成为神经退行性疾病的一种公认的潜在治疗方法。这篇综述的重点是各种人类干细胞来源对于这种缓慢发展的疾病(如帕金森氏病,亨廷顿氏病和多发性硬化症)以及急性损伤(如中风和脊髓损伤)的治疗是否合适。尽管自体间充质干细胞的第一批试验已使干细胞移植距临床更近了一步,但所显示的作用是中等的,尚处于发展阶段,无法满足人们对干细胞的期望。一种替换中枢神经系统中退化细胞的方法。成功将取决于对实验模型的仔细研究,以使我们不仅能够理解干细胞使用的实用性,而且能够理解潜在的生物学原理。

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