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首页> 外文期刊>Chemical Senses >Putative Chemical Signals about Sex, Individuality, and Genetic Background in the Preputial Gland and Urine of the House Mouse (Mus musculus)
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Putative Chemical Signals about Sex, Individuality, and Genetic Background in the Preputial Gland and Urine of the House Mouse (Mus musculus)

机译：关于房鼠（小家鼠）的前腺和尿液中的性别，个性和遗传背景的假定化学信号

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摘要

To explore whether preputial gland secretions and/or urine from the house mouse (Mus musculus) can be used for coding information about sex, individuality, and/or the genetic background of strain [ICR/albino, Kunming (KM), and C57BL/6], we compared the volatile compositions of mouse preputial glands and urine using a combination of dichloromethane extraction and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Of the 40 identified compounds in preputial gland secretions, 31 were esters, 2 sesquiterpens, and 7 alcohols. We failed to find any compound unique to a specific sex, individual, or strain. However, many low molecular weight compounds between the sexes, most compounds among individuals, and several compounds among the 3 strains varied significantly in relative ratios. These quantitative differences in preputial gland volatiles (analog coding) are likely to convey information about sex, individual, and the genetic background of mouse strain. We identified 2 new main and male-elevated compounds, 1-hexadecanol (Z = 3.676, P = 0.000, N = 19 in ICR; Z = 3.576, P = 0.000, N = 18) and 1-hexadecanol acetate (Z = 3.429, P = 0.000, N = 19 in ICR; Z = 3.225, P = 0.001, N = 18), which were eluted in GC chromatogram after the 2 sesquiterpens. They might also be potential male pheromones, in addition to the well-known E-β-farnesene and E,E-α-farnesene. Additionally, a few compounds including 1-hexadecanol also varied with strains and might also code for genetic information. Of the 9 identified volatile compounds in male urine, (s)-2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole and R,R-3,4-dehydro-exo-brevicomin are known urine-originated male pheromones from previous studies. We also detected 6-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-heptanone, a male urinary pheromonal compound, which had not been directly detected by GC–MS previously. Chemical analysis shows that the genetically more closely related ICR and KM strains had a higher similarity in the volatile compositions of preputial glands and urine than that between ICR or KM and C57BL/6. R,R-3,4-dehydro-exo-brevicomin, in particular, was sensitive to genetic shifts and differed in relative abundance among the 3 strains, whereas (s)-2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole differed between ICR or Km and C57BL/6. Hence, these 2 compounds might code for information about their genetic background.
机译：为了研究家鼠（小家鼠）的前腺分泌物和/或尿液是否可用于编码有关性别，个性和/或菌株遗传背景的信息[ICR /白化病，昆明（KM）和C57BL / [6]，我们使用二氯甲烷萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）的组合，比较了小鼠前皮腺和尿液的挥发性成分。在皮脂腺分泌物中鉴定出的40种化合物中，有31种为酯类，2种倍半萜类和7种醇类。我们找不到适合特定性别，个人或品系的任何化合物。但是，性别之间的许多低分子量化合物，个体之间的大多数化合物以及这三株菌株中的几种化合物的相对比率差异很大。包皮腺挥发物的这些数量差异（模拟编码）可能传达有关性别，个体和小鼠品系遗传背景的信息。我们确定了2种新的主化合物和雄性化合物，分别是1-十六烷醇（Z = 3.676，P = 0.000，N = 19在ICR中; Z = 3.576，P = 0.000，N = 18）和1-十六烷乙酸酯（Z = 3.429 ，在ICR中P = 0.000，N = 19； Z = 3.225，P = 0.001，N = 18），在2次倍半萜之后用GC色谱法洗脱。除了众所周知的E-β-法呢烯和E，E-α-法呢烯，它们还可能是潜在的雄性信息素。此外，包括1-十六烷醇在内的一些化合物也随菌株而变化，并且可能还编码遗传信息。在男性尿液中鉴定出的9种挥发性化合物中，（s）-2-仲丁基-4,5-二氢噻唑和R，R-3,4-脱氢-exo-brevicomin是先前研究已知的源自尿液的男性信息素。我们还检测到6-羟基-6-甲基-3-庚酮，一种男性尿液信息素化合物，以前并未通过GC-MS直接检测到。化学分析表明，与ICR或KM与C57BL / 6相比，与遗传密切相关的ICR和KM菌株在包皮腺和尿液的挥发性成分中具有更高的相似性。特别是R，R-3,4-dehydro-exo-brevicomin对遗传变化敏感，并且在3个菌株中相对丰度有所不同，而（s）-2-仲丁基-4,5-二氢噻唑ICR或Km和C57BL / 6。因此，这两种化合物可能会编码有关其遗传背景的信息。

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  • 来源
    《Chemical Senses》 |2007年第3期|293-303|共11页
  • 作者

    Jian-Xu Zhang1 Xiao-Ping Rao2 Lixing Sun3 Cheng-Hua Zhao1 and Xiao-Wei Qin1;

  • 作者单位

    State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences 25 Beisihuanxi Road Haidian District Beijing 100080 China;

    Department of Biology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China;

    Department of Biological Sciences Central Washington University Ellensburg WA98926-7537 USA;

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