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Impact of water and fertilizer management on arsenic bioaccumulation and speciation in rice plants grown under greenhouse conditions

机译：水肥管理对温室条件下水稻植株砷生物积累和形态的影响

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Arsenic (As), a non-threshold class I carcinogen, is a main source of human exposure to inorganic As for billions of people worldwide. Rice is much more effectual in accruing As into its grain and other parts. Therefore, strategies to reduce As accumulation in rice should be adopted. The impact of water [Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), incessant flooding (CF)] and fertilizer management [Silicon (Si@ control, 10 and 20 mg/kg soil) and Phosphorus (P@ control, 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg soil)] on the bioaccumulation of As in rice plants under different As-graded paddy soils (control, 10, 20 mg/kg) using an Australian rice variety (cv. Sherpa) was investigated under greenhouse conditions. Results indicated that, arsenite accounted for 80% of the total inorganic As in pore water and total As concentration declined from 933 mu g/L to 177 mu g/L with time. AWD irrigation practice with Si fertilization significantly reduced the total As levels in pore water. Arsenic concentration in different rice plant tissues showed significant variations due to water and fertilizer management. Lower concentrations of As in rice grains were observed using AWD (average 93.0 mu g/kg) than those observed in CF (average 121 mu g/kg) irrigation practice. The addition of Si also significantly (p0.03) decreased As uptake by rice plants while adding of P has no significant effect and this is also true for Si and P interaction. AWD irrigation practice with Si fertilization resulted in a reduction of grain As level at around 12%-21%, while grain yield increased by 13%. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：砷（As）是一种非阈值的I类致癌物，是人类接触无机物的主要来源。全世界有数十亿人。大米在其谷物和其他部分中积累砷的作用要大得多。因此，应采取减少砷在水稻中积累的策略。水[交替湿润和干燥（AWD），持续不断的洪水（CF）]和肥料管理[​​硅（Si @对照，10和20 mg / kg土壤）和磷（P @对照，12.5和25.0 mg / kg）的影响土壤]]在温室条件下，研究了使用澳大利亚水稻品种（Sv。Sherpa）在不同As级梯度水稻土（对照，10、20 mg / kg）下水稻植物中As的生物累积。结果表明，亚砷酸盐占孔隙水中总无机As的> 80％，总As浓度随时间从933μg/ L下降到177μg/ L。采用硅肥的AWD灌溉实践显着降低了孔隙水中总As含量。由于水和肥料的管理，不同水稻植物组织中的砷浓度显示出显着差异。使用AWD（平均93.0μg / kg）观察到的稻谷中As的浓度低于CF（平均121μg / kg）灌溉实践中观察到的。硅的添加也显着（p <0.03）降低了水稻对砷的吸收，而磷的添加则没有显着影响，硅和磷的相互作用也是如此。使用硅肥的AWD灌溉实践使谷物中的砷含量降低了12％-21％左右，而谷物产量却提高了13％。 （C）2018 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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