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首页> 外文期刊>Chemosphere >On-filter degradation of particle-bound benzo[a]pyrene by ozone during air sampling: A review of the experimental evidence of an artefact
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On-filter degradation of particle-bound benzo[a]pyrene by ozone during air sampling: A review of the experimental evidence of an artefact

机译：臭氧在空气采样中在过滤器上降解结合颗粒的苯并[a] py：人工制品的实验证据综述

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摘要

On-filter loss of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) during air sampling due to reaction with ozone was observed in several experimental studies. It was also of concern in the recent CEN method for BaP measurement in ambient air: a denuder-based sampling system minimising this loss is described in the method but, due to the scarcity of validated data, is not yet ready to be used for normative purposes. This paper presents a review of the available experimental results on this artefact, as reported in 16 published studies, with the aim of assessing the state of knowledge regarding its occurrence and extent. Almost all field studies showed that, regardless the type of sampling site, the on-filter BaP degradation by O_3 constituted a not negligible artefact. When limiting the analysis of the results to the field sampling campaigns carried out under real-world conditions, mean BaP losses were typically in the 20-55% range (hence causing underestimates of mean BaP concentrations possibly in the order of 100%), with daily maxima up to 71%. The duration of the campaigns was typically of a few days; no experimental results are available on the actual O_3 effect on the BaP annual mean. Various factors were investigated as potential contributors to the O_3 effect, although their role has yet to be clarified: O_3 concentration, relative humidity, distance from BaP sources, size distribution and source of particles, sampling duration. The use of denuders for O_3 removal in the sampling system substantially eliminates this artefact, but their application and performance must still be validated.
机译：在一些实验研究中，观察到由于与臭氧反应，空气采样期间苯并[a] re（BaP）在过滤器上的损失。最近在环境空气中BaP测量的CEN方法中也引起了关注：该方法中描述了一种基于剥蚀剂的采样系统，该方法可最大程度地减少这种损失，但由于缺乏经过验证的数据，因此尚未准备好用于规范目的。本文对16项已发表的研究报告了有关该伪像的可用实验结果进行了综述，目的是评估有关其出现和程度的知识状态。几乎所有的现场研究表明，无论采样点的类型如何，O_3对过滤器上BaP的降解都是不可忽略的伪像。当将结果分析限制为在实际条件下进行的现场采样活动时，平均BaP损失通常在20-55％的范围内（因此造成平均BaP浓度的低估可能约为100％），其中每天最高可达71％。活动持续时间通常为几天；没有关于BaP年平均值的实际O_3影响的实验结果。尽管尚未阐明它们的作用，但研究了各种因素可能是O_3效应的潜在因素：O_3浓度，相对湿度，距BaP来源的距离，尺寸分布和颗粒来源，采样持续时间。在采样系统中使用剥蚀仪去除O_3基本上消除了这种伪像，但仍必须验证其应用和性能。

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