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首页> 外文期刊>Chromosoma >Sex chromosomes, synapsis, and cohesins: a complex affair
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Sex chromosomes, synapsis, and cohesins: a complex affair

机译:性染色体,突触和黏附蛋白:复杂的事情

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摘要

During first meiotic prophase, homologous chromosomes are held together by the synaptonemal complex, a tripartite proteinaceous structure that extends along the entire length of meiotic bivalents. While this feature is applicable for autosomes, sex chromosomes often escape from this rule. Many species present sex chromosomes that differ between them in their morphology, length, and gene content. Moreover, in some species, sex chromosomes appear in a single dose in one of the sexes. In all of these cases, the behavior of sex chromosomes during meiosis is conspicuously affected, and this includes the assembly and dynamics of the synaptonemal complex. We review in this study the structure of the synaptonemal complex in the sex chromosomes of three groups of organisms, namely: mammals, orthopterans, and hemipterans, which present different patterns of sex chromosome structure and behavior. Of special interest is the analysis of the organization of the axial/lateral elements of the synaptonemal complex in relation to other axial structures organized along meiotic chromosomes, mainly the cohesin axis. The differences found in the behavior of both axial structures reveal that while the organization of a cohesin axis along sex chromosomes is a conserved feature in most organisms and it shows very little morphological variations, the axial/lateral elements of the synaptonemal complex present a wide range of structural modifications on these chromosomes.
机译:在第一个减数分裂前期,同源染色体由突触复合体结合在一起,突触复合体是沿着减数分裂二价整个长度延伸的三方蛋白质结构。尽管此功能适用于常染色体,但性染色体通常会逃避此规则。许多物种呈现出性染色体,它们的形态,长度和基因含量在它们之间是不同的。而且,在某些物种中,性染色体以一种剂量出现在一种性别中。在所有这些情况下,减数分裂过程中性染色体的行为都会受到明显影响,其中包括突触复合体的组装和动力学。在这项研究中,我们回顾了三类生物体性染色体中突触复合物的结构,即哺乳动物,直翅类和半足动物,它们呈现出不同的性染色体结构和行为模式。特别有意义的是分析联会复合体的轴向/侧向元素相对于沿减数分裂染色体(主要是粘着蛋白轴)组织的其他轴向结构的组织。在两个轴结构的行为中发现的差异表明,虽然沿黏附蛋白轴沿着性染色体的组织是大多数生物体中的保守特征,并且其形态变化很小,但突触复合物的轴向/侧向元素存在很大范围这些染色体上的结构修饰

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  • 来源
    《Chromosoma》 |2006年第3期|250-259|共10页
  • 作者单位

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

    Departamento de Genética Facultad de Biología Universidad Complutense Madrid Spain;

    Programa de Genética Humana Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile;

    Programa de Genética Humana Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile;

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

    Departamento de Biología Edificio de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain;

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