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A Basic Water Quality Model for the River Neckar: Part 2 – model-based analysis of the oxygen budget and scenarios

机译：内卡河的基本水质模型：第2部分–基于模型的氧气预算和情景分析

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In this paper the Basic Water Quality Model (BWQM) for the central part of River Neckar is used to analyse the oxygen budget and to assess the potentials of various measures to prevent or mitigate critical dissolved oxygen (DO) declines. It is shown that the oxygen budget is mainly governed by phytoplankton dynamics. The excessive growth of algae and the sudden break down of the resulting algal blooms may cause episodic DO depressions. Therefore, to stabilise the oxygen budget in a sustainable way, eutrophication has to be controlled within the central part of River Neckar and the upstream regions. The only feasible way to reach this goal appears to be a further drastic reduction of phosphorus emissions. In addition, it is indispensable to hold the very high standards of biochemical oxygen demand and ammonium retention at the wastewater treatment plants. A worse performance of the treatment plants would dramatically aggravate critical DO declines which may be caused by algae dynamics. As long as the oxygen budget is not completely stabilised, weir and turbine aeration can be used to mitigate DO depressions. It could be shown that the potentials of these measures suffice to keep DO at a tolerable level. However, due to the long travel times in River Neckar, it is important to start aeration up to several days before the DO minimum is reached.
机译：在本文中，内卡河中部的基本水质模型（BWQM）用于分析氧气预算并评估各种措施的潜力，以防止或缓解关键的溶解氧（DO）下降。结果表明，氧气的收支主要受浮游植物动力学的控制。藻类的过度生长和所产生的藻华突然中断可能会导致溶解氧的降低。因此，为了以可持续的方式稳定氧气的收支，必须控制内卡河中部和上游地区的富营养化。达到这一目标的唯一可行方法似乎是进一步大幅度减少磷的排放。另外，必须在废水处理厂中保持很高标准的生化需氧量和氨气滞留量。处理厂的较差性能会严重加剧可能由藻类动力学引起的临界溶解氧下降。只要氧收支不能完全稳定，可以使用堰和涡轮曝气来减轻溶解氧的降低。可以证明，这些措施的潜力足以使溶解氧保持在可容忍的水平。但是，由于内卡河的旅行时间长，因此必须在达到溶解氧最低值之前的几天内开始充气。

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