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On the origin of equatorial Atlantic biases in coupled general circulation models

机译：耦合一般环流模型中赤道大西洋偏差的成因

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摘要

Many coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models (GCMs) suffer serious biases in the tropical Atlantic including a southward shift of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) in the annual mean, a westerly bias in equatorial surface winds, and a failure to reproduce the eastern equatorial cold tongue in boreal summer. The present study examines an ensemble of coupled GCMs and their uncoupled atmospheric component to identify common sources of error. It is found that the westerly wind bias also exists in the atmospheric GCMs forced with observed sea surface temperature, but only in boreal spring. During this time sea-level pressure is anomalously high (low) in the western (eastern) equatorial Atlantic, which appears to be related to deficient (excessive) precipitation over tropical South America (Africa). In coupled simulations, this westerly bias leads to a deepening of the thermocline in the east, which prevents the equatorial cold tongue from developing in boreal summer. Thus reducing atmospheric model errors during boreal spring may lead to improved coupled simulations of tropical Atlantic climate.
机译：许多耦合的海洋-大气普通环流模型（GCM）在热带大西洋遭受严重的偏差，包括年均热带辐合带（ITCZ）向南偏移，赤道面风的西偏和复制失败。北方夏季赤道东部的冷舌。本研究研究了耦合的GCM及其未耦合的大气成分的集合，以识别常见的误差源。发现在观测海表温度的强迫下，大气GCM中也存在西风偏斜，但仅在北方春季存在。在这段时间内，赤道西大西洋（东）的海平面压力异常高（低），这似乎与南美热带地区（非洲）降水不足（过度）有关。在耦合模拟中，这种西风偏向导致东部的温跃层加深，从而阻止了北半球夏季赤道冷舌的发展。因此，减少北方春季期间的大气模型误差可以改善热带大西洋气候的耦合模拟。

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